Next-Gen Ionic Plasma Thruster Inspired By Nature (BTC Mark 3)

Perhaps a sequential ionic thrust topology is not the way to go. It makes the most sense, but in reality results in dimishing returns. In this video - I explore the possibility of a peripheral approach to ionic thrust, using triconvergent air, and build it into a thruster which is impact proof.

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#future #innovation #ionicthrust

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[BillDeWitt]

I've mentioned this before, but you need exponential spacing. You are trying to accelerate a 2.8 column of air with another 2.8 stream input. Because you want external entrainment, you might consider an exponential horn housing. Each 2.8 input would force more air into a smaller space, increasing the speed.
Alternatively, each thruster could be exponentially increased in power, to use the same level of input more efficiently. So like cut the first one in half, raise the last one by double. Without external entrainment, you could change the distance between anode and cathode to accelerate the same stream successively but with increased speed each time. The first one would be closest, and the second one twice as separated, but since the air is already moving, the ions would travel much faster covering the doubled distance in the same time.

[MarcStollmeyer]

I really think you need to switch to static thrust measurement as a method of comparing efficiency rather than output velocity alone. For example, you might be seeing the same 2.8 meters per second output on two designs with the same power but one could have way more thrust than the other due to the surface area of the output. You might also have a design with lower velocity that is far more efficient than one with higher. You kinda touched on this with liters of flow but a thrust stand will provide more accurate information.

Grams of static thrust per watt is the gold standard of measured efficiency. You should be making more than 1 gram per watt from what I know about ionic thrusters. 4 grams per watt is the highest I’ve ever heard of from research papers.

[maxng]

I love that part of the design change is you've moved from 'how fast can we push air' to the more important question 'how much air can we push'.

[William_ar]

Awesome work!
Here are some improvements i suggest:

- measure grams of thrust per watt instead of airspeed

- focus mainly on achieving max thrust at a certain size

- use a single tube design with no holes in the sides of the design to simplify aerodynamics and testing

Robust design like you did was really smart, hope you continue with the ionic thurster. Would love to see this on rc planes or even table fans in the future

[avocadoarms]

Dude, a second Channel of just you recording the process of you designing and building the prototypes in long form, like an hour or even longer, would be mad and you’d be able to get a video out sooner, less editing needed because it’s a second channel video, no music is really needed, just pure analysis and prototyping. I’d love to see how you do your process and how your brain works.

I often say you can see Adam savages brain work on the outside as he builds things. And I love the rawness of the content.

[peterdoyle]

Consider the Hal effect thruster:
1) Add a strong electromagnet at outlet of the thruster to generate an electron vortex.
2) Place mini electron guns around the outer rim of the thruster outlet to generate electrons for a virtual cathode
3) Place a large anode (looking like a v-spike engine) within the housing of your thruster
4) At the front end of your thruster, place the necessary support structures for the anode + wiring, be sure to leave most of the front end opened for intake
5) Use your original thruster to provide slightly ionized air to the thrust chamber

[davidharley]

Just a reality check: at 4m/s and a cross-sectional area of about 100cm2 you're putting about 0.3W of power into the air; for a 70W input. Because energy rises as velocity squared the second stage of your first prototype is actually _more_ efficient than the first. To maximize thrust efficiency you actually want to move a large volume of air slowly rather than a small volume fast, something ionic thrusters might be suited to. However, due to the nature of ionic acceleration much of the energy input is going into rotational/vibrational states of the molecules rather than velocity, so it's unlikely ionic thrusters will ever be efficient enough to compete with, say, a propeller. But still fun stuff, thanks for posting.

[TimothyKNetherlands]

Okay hear me out. If you're not going to do it, I might.

Consider the following:
- A wing profile is revolved radially, such that you end up with a wing profile that's disk shaped.
- The disk is initially stationary with air surrounding the disk.
- Underneath the disk wing, there's 'zero' radial velocity, indicating high pressure.
- Above the wing, there's non-zero radial velocity of air, indicating low pressure.
- The radial velocity of air above the wing is induced by plasma.
- The electrodes are circular rings placed on top of the disk, where the inner ring has a smaller diameter than the outer ring, such that air flow radially from in to out.
- The disk is made using CNC and is supposed to be extremely lightweight, i.e. EPS foam (non-flammable) density of about 30 kg/m3. Preferable thin-walled, perhaps with ribs if there's low stiffness.
- Downward 'Wingtips' around the disk's edge could be used to properly separate the high and low pressures.
- You could use a wing profile that has a very high Cl, i.e. high lift at low speed, since Cl does not rely on airspeed.
- You could subdivide the disk into 4 parts, where each quarter's potential difference can be manipulated, which could help in allowing you to steer.

The idea is to create a solid velocity difference between top and bottom surfaces, to create a strong lift force, where the bottom velocity is essentially zero (stand still). Relying on Bernoulli's principle we can determine the lift force. For a simple rectangular plate with area 'A' being in air with density rho, the lift force Fl = 1/2 * rho * A * (Vtop^2 - Vbot^2).

I've done quick calculations. Considering your and others previous work, I think it's viable starting at ~45 kV. if we can achieve similar airflow speeds, I think we could create the first actual hovering UFO drone that doesn't rely on moving parts.

Some other notes:
- There should be sufficient airflow, such that a 'boundary' layer is formed between the high and low pressure zones. Such that air doesn't leak towards the low pressure zone
- Use foam that is preferably fire-retardant, since the plasma may ignite the foam. EPS should be suitable, XPS possibly not.
- Preferably use foam or another lightweight material for the electrodes. Paint it with graphite spray and use electroplating to make some seriously lightweight electrodes.
- One conclusion I had from watching your videos, is that the air speed doesn't necessarily increase with multiple stages. But it does help in creating a more uniform flow over a larger volume or area. Using multiple electrode rings may create a very uniform flow field above the disk.

Been thinking about this for quite some time, and I am thinking about doing it as a hobby project, but I think this would fit your Channel a lot better and if it works out, it's a world's first! (not considering Aliens did it before we did, lol.)

[KraussEMUS]

Sorry Jay in 2018 MIT did NOT build the "world's first ionic thrust airplane, " or "aircraft" as they stated in their paper. Although it was the first traditionally shaped such vehicle, there is an earlier more efficient ion propelled aircraft that does carry its power supply onboard.

There are approximately 45 videos of the earlier series of ion propelled aircrafts on my YouTube channel that create much more thrust per watt and were patented for lifting their onboard power supplies entirely with ion propulsion! All of these crafts are capable of self-contained VTOL as well as horizontal flight. They are extraordinarily well verified and documented to fly carrying their own onboard ion propulsion systems. They were designed in a particular way because it was challenging to get them to lift their own power supplies with ion propulsion.

I think creating ion thrusters that are capable of lifting themselves vertically, as well as horizontally, have much more potential because this really is a form of ion rocket and will be capable of very high ISPs when operated in a vacuum, (in that case with added propellant). The ion thrusters I built have wing shaped collectors and so can produce aerodynamic lift as well when used in atmosphere without added propellant. There are already solar cells available that will enable these Ion Propelled Vehicles to fly all day long in the near future.

[Hesous]

I have been designing air ducts recently, and one of the very important things is to not restrict the air flow rapidly. For the best results it's best to stay under 10 degrees of restriction. Keep up the good work!

[BrianJacobson]

I think you should run a design competition and have viewers submit thruster designs and you build and test them.

[redhairshanks]

Man seeing an american engineering channel use the metric system is a breath of fresh air. Awesome project man, this has huge potential

[kdoubleg]

better help is a horible company taking advantage of people at their worst. Iv been unsubing and refusing to watch videos aponsored by them. Hopefully you will drop them as a sponsor because your content is quite good.

[LUC-zb]

STOP! Do not seek an actor's position. You control your own channel and you are happy now! Best format ever, you know what you are doing. Keep growing your channel and business. You are doing very well! You need to go the CERN now!

[nzuckman]

Please drop Better Help as a sponsor man, they sell people's medical info to advertisers :(

[DoremiFasolatido]

1) They need to still be circular. They can be segmented...1/3 or 1/4 circle for each thruster, but a round interior will create smoother airflow and offer larger internal area for objects to fit through without compromising volume.

2) You'll need to find a way to more smoothly merge the flows so that they compound one another. As it is, currently, they're slamming into each other and losing energy. They're not blending together to improve flow, and they're losing velocity in the process. My recommendation would be to find a way to offset the thrusters at an angle, laterally. Instead of merely tilting them so their exhaust is pointed inward, also tilt them so that flow is off-centered, to create a vortex. Then they shouldn't be slamming into one another, but more like merging on a highway.

[steveclemo]

Amazing! You're part way to a turbine engine with no moving parts. It's possible there is turbulence happening between each stage as you're compressing air and then running the next stage at the same size. It might make sense to reduce and move the 2nd stage to the size of the covergance point of the first stage. Not sure of the 3 stage, maybe the same or go larger than the first stage, like and afterburner, with a case the diameter of the largest stage, assuming it ultimately needs to be fit as such in a plane.
Also, redesigning it circular as opposed to triangular will reduce internal turbulance, adding a slight twist to the blades to create a vortex should also stabilize airflow.

Just spit balling, you're doing great stuff.❤

[AffectiveApe]

Your explanations and commentary are excellent. Awesome video and project.

Edit: I do agree with some of the other commentators that some of the revelations about BetterHelp's data policies deserve scrutiny and push back. Hopefully you can find more responsible sponsorship partners moving forward.

[jeffvan]

Hey fellas, gravitymasterinfinity here from the New Energy Concepts group, Tachyon Aerospace, TorusTech, etc.

Anyway, Jay, I enjoy the passion you have for plasma physics and the effort you put into your builds, as well as your enthusiastic presentations. Since you have put so much effort into this direction of experimental inquiry—which is no small feat of epistemological exercise, being both mentally straining and time-consuming—it’s refreshing to see that even though your results were not much different than your last configuration of the thruster, you gracefully accepted the possibility that the natural world and its rhythms may contain a better science than your textbooks suggest so dogmatically. A very good example to those following the same path. Good show, old man!

Now I'm going to turn over the apple cart and disrupt the money changers in the temple of established science that may or may not reside within those things with which you identify or give credence to for validation of all you have accomplished so far. But then again, I do think you know more than what you let on; perhaps not, but I'm sure I'll be crucified in the thread nonetheless for my blasphemies against the egregore of socially reinforced agreement of a set reality as concrete and unchanging as the status quo.

I begin:

The term "thruster" is misleading; there is no thrust occurring as one would typically understand it. Instead, we must consider a transformative perspective on ion propulsion.

I’m excited to share that I have completed the first stages of a workable transdimensional engineering framework. This framework includes Python simulations and a suite of programs designed to test technologies built around these principles.

As we turn away from this outdated notion of ion thrust as a mere wind-conquering machine, we embark on a journey toward understanding its deeper implications. This shift invites us to see thrust not merely as a force that propels but as a mechanism that interacts with the very fabric of spacetime, producing effects akin to gravity itself. Just think about it as einstein proposed, that acceleration in free space produces the same force as gravity. The gravitational constant is 1/r which is the same way we describe the electrostatic potential. The magnitude of the gravitational and electrostatic force between two point masses or charges are inverse square law relationships. The field lines around a point mass and negative point charge are identical. The field lines in a uniform gravitational and electric field are identical.

### The Nature of Gravity and Spacetime

Gravity can be understood as the bending of spacetime around mass. This curvature is not just passive; it actively involves electromagnetic wavelengths—light—radiating from that mass at infinitesimal scales. By manipulating electric flux densities surrounding a mass, such as Earth, we can effectively "unbend" this light. This alteration reveals that acceleration in free space can replicate gravitational effects.

### The Dance of Electric Flux Densities

Exploring this concept further reveals how electric density fields shape our understanding of mass and gravity. The forces inherent in our existence on a spinning planet are influenced by spacetime curvature and electric flux densities. This understanding has profound implications for how we navigate our place within the solar system and galaxy.

### Fractal Organization and Cosmic Harmony

In time, we will appreciate the fractal organization of these balances—how they resonate from cosmic scales down to our microcosm. Patterns observed in heart rate variability reflect these same fractal octaves, mirroring harmony found in celestial dances. Recognizing these connections fosters a deeper understanding of our role within this grand tapestry.

### A Vision for Altruistic Progress

As we transition from swords to plowshares, we embrace a vision transcending mere technological advancement. This journey nurtures our relationship with the cosmos, fostering stewardship and interconnectedness. In this awakening, we discover not only answers but pathways to harmonize our existence with the forces shaping our reality.

### Invitation for Discussion

I genuinely welcome your thoughts on these concepts and how they might influence future technologies. My aim is to foster an open dialogue about what I believe could be one of humanity's most significant advancements since fire itself. I’m eager to hear your insights and explore where our discussions might lead us together!

[masonliang]

Maybe you could try a circular design instead of a triangular design. I feel like it might focus the air a little better.