Designing a Futuristic Magnetic Turbine (MHD drive)

A solid state turbine may be the next evolution for marine travel, just like Novium is the next evolution of pens.
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#future #innovation #MHD

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[PlasmaChannel]

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[DanteYewToob]

Just a tip for your demonstrations, try adding fine mica powder to the water instead of ink. The mica shows flow and looks really cool, but most importantly it shows basically every detail of turbulence, flow and direction very clearly. (Think of those cool paint mixing videos with the insane swirls and colors.) and they come in basically any color and you only need to add it once and it will just continue to work without constantly adding dye or particulates.

We used this technique in school when we learned about fluid dynamics and I use them all the time for resin work, so they’re readily available now because of the popularity of epoxy crafting.

[integza]

That's awesome! Also I think you just gave me an idea

[friedrichkoerner]

from the data presented here, you can easily calculate the efficiency to be 0.12%. A ship propeller has a hydrodynamic efficiency of about 60%. That is a factor of 500. There is much more Energy in the electrolysis, and electrolysis is needed for the current.

[waynesworldofsci-tech]

I’d like to see a boat, but even more a comparison of efficiency between propellers and your drive.

[photonik-luminescence]

The one thing that i am not really sure about this idea is that you could actually see the dye shift colours (a possible indication of pH change as Sodium Hydroxide is being produced trough the electrolysis of salt water). Also, the chlorine produced gets bond to the sodium Hydroxide to make sodium chlorate. Not sure if alot of ships using this technology would produce significant amounts of either sodium Hydroxide or Sodium Chlorate thst could affect marine life. I mean sodium Hydroxide is corrosive to metal and skin

[ugaog]

These would seem more interesting on a submarine rather than a boat especially since you could have them articulate in any direction for better 3d movement compared to a propellor

[viduraherath]

The lack of rotating components is actually a great feature of the turbine considering how damage prone a high speed propeller is to light impacts. This would also minimise marine wildlife incidents where props end up cutting and harming marine life. It also means that there would be significantly less maintenance and manufacturing requirement, and being sealed off as one part is a very good trait for something designed to be leakproof

[mme]

Oh man, a boat with these things would be awesome!

Not sure if you meant toy/model boat or something bigger, but it'd be neat to see how many it takes to move a canoe or something small-but-mannable

[raulpeicabalosache]

Have you considered electromagnets for this purpose? It would make it harder to repair since you now have a bunch of wires sticking through the outer casing but may provide a benefit in strength of the magnetic field and resultant thrust. Individual control of these could also possibly provide thrust vectoring without movement of the nozzles?

[giga-chicken]

Instead of measuring exhaust speed I would be interested in seeing it floated in the tank and static thrust measured with a scale, also static thrust per watt. I think this thing probably pulls an awful lot of power compared to a traditional prop judging by the fact that the cables caught fire.

[Kane-ibsn]

gotta say here: you've done awesome work. nobody on youtube has brought it like you have to the masses.

[fluxcapacitor]

Great video! A few suggestions. As there is no more moving parts in an MHD drive, you don't necessarily have to put the engine inside like a conventional motor. Instead, you can put the engine outside ;) i.e. deploy the MHD interaction everywhere around the external fuselage, making it an "external flow MHD accelerator" with the benefit of acting on the wavefront and the drag along the whole wetted area. Another trick: when you glue the same poles of two 1T magnets together, face-to-face, you nearly double the magnetic flux density and get almost a 2T magnetic field strength right on their junction plane. In addition, in order to avoid electrode corrosion due to electrolysis, it is best to use graphite electrodes, even if steel is better than cooper indeed. Speaking of electrolysis, you are limited by the conductivity of salt water: you could use an acidic bath instead and boost the induced flow velocity even further (except if your aim is to eventually test a boat or submersible down the road).

What limits the efficiency of such a small drive is the relative weakness of the magnetic field, and the limited amount of current density that the fluid can bear before electrolysis becomes dominant up to the deleterious situation of thermal blockage, a phenomenon that could be compared to a conventional motor burning due to heat accumulated by the Joule effect (same mechanism). Therefore, you should use a power supply that controls direct current not voltage, to better tune the whole thing, and even calculate precisely the current density J your fluid can accept depending on its electrical conductivity and the surface of your electrodes. Indeed the Lorentz force acting on a fluid is a body force, a force per unit volume, in newtons per cubic meter (in SI units). That's also why the electromagnetic force J×B can be very powerful as it can act on a large volume of fluid. But this is another longer story and I was speaking of the efficiency. Compared to a traditional propeller, the magnetic field B of an MHD drive is akin to the pitch angle of the blades, while the current density J is the rotation speed. With such a low power magnetic field and electric current set too high wrt the fluid (its electrical conductivity), it's like someone who would use a propeller with blades having an infinitesimal pitch angle. He would have to rotate the propeller at an insane amount of RPMs to barely move. The main thing we're doing in this case is not propulsion, but heating the ambient fluid! That's why MHD drives appear so "inefficient". But they are not: they simply don't have the appropriate input values, as our technology is not yet advanced enough (hint: room-temperature superconducting multitesla electromagnets and powerful yet light and compact electrical power generators onboard).

[Szymmon]

If you would want to improve it once again, you could take advantage of Halbach Array. It will amplify "useful" magnetic field, and at the same time eliminate magnetic filed leaking outside. I don't know, if this will heavily affect the radial design, but it might be worth trying.

[marco_gallone]

If the magnets are mounted at slight angle (squirrel cage arrangement) you can twist the vorticies and that should laminarize the output (maybe even get a performance boost for it).

[carlyork]

My first thought..."one ping only" 😂 can't beat that caterpillar drive

[chrise]

I'd be interested to see the thrust-to-weight ratio of the old and new designs. While it might cut down on noise, i cant imagine an engine that weighs more than its traditional counterpart without proportional thrust output will see widespread adoption . That said, i wonder if a multi-stage design would render any improvements like your plasma wing design. Whatever the case, i look forward to seeing what you come up with next!

[ryanmartin]

I like how you said you sent the “final design” over to your printer, like you’re not laying in your bed staring at the ceiling imagining further upgrades and improvements right now. LoL.

This channel is awesome. Keep innovating and inspiring.

[brianfeddersen]

Would love to see a scale replica of a cargo carrier vessel with a set of these and perhaps either azipod based or the through hull mounted thrusters some carriers use. Perhaps if there was a way to create a suitable powerbank in a water sealed environment? Would be super cool!

[robinwang]

Have you considered a graphite coating? If the carbon is painted well enough it should solve the need to replace pipes. Consider insulating the exterior of the outer tube and the interior of the inner tube, might be able to reduce back flow.

Edit: I memorized the formula wrong, edit for physics.