Can Hormone Therapy Reverse Aging? #health #aging #hormones #dhea #testosterone

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Hormones such as estrogen, testosterone, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) significantly influence elastin production. Estrogens modulate various body functions, improving angiogenesis, wound healing, and immune responses. In postmenopausal women, decreased estrogen levels impair wound healing, hair growth, pigmenand tation, and increase risks of hypertension and skin cancer. Insulin regulates glucose uptake, lipid production, protein synthesis, and glycogen storage, usually promoting blood vessel dilation and increased blood flow. Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, however, are linked to endothelial dysfunction, contributing to cardiovascular disorders like atherosclerosis and hypertension.

Postmenopausal arterial stiffness and hypertension can be influenced by exogenous estrogen, which promotes vasodilation, reduces vascular inflammation, inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation, and enhances nitric oxide production. Estrogen helps maintain blood vessel elasticity by preventing the degradation of elastin and collagen and modulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogen has been shown to reduce arterial stiffness and lower blood pressure in postmenopausal women.

Testosterone also has vasodilatory effects through nitric oxide production, enhancing vascular compliance and reducing arterial stiffness. Both low and high testosterone levels are linked to increased cardiovascular risk. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) can lower blood pressure in men with low testosterone by promoting vasodilation and improving endothelial function, though it also carries risks of cardiovascular events.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a naturally occurring hormone that produces other hormones like testosterone and estrogen. DHEA levels peak in early adulthood and decline with age. DHEA supplementation has been studied for its potential to reduce arterial stiffness and hypertension, particularly in postmenopausal women and older men. DHEA may improve endothelial function by increasing nitric oxide production and vasodilation, maintaining vascular elasticity, and reducing inflammation. DHEA replacement therapy could partially reverse arterial aging and reduce cardiovascular disease risk in older adults. However, high doses of DHEA can cause side effects like hormonal imbalances, acne, hair loss, and mood changes, necessitating careful monitoring due to limited long-term safety data.

hormones, estrogen, testosterone, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-1, elastin production, angiogenesis, wound healing, immune responses, postmenopausal, estrogen levels, wound healing impairment, hair growth, pigmentation, hypertension, skin cancer, glucose uptake, lipid production, protein synthesis, glycogen storage, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes,