Ottoman Siege of Constantinople (1453) - Fall of Constantinople and Byzantines

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The Ottoman Empire's Siege of the Byzantine Capital of Constantinople in 1453 marked the end of the eastern Greek Roman portion of the former Roman Empire. An empire that had stood for almost 2000 years in total.

This video covers the battles of the 1453 Ottoman siege of the city. In power, Constantine XI the last Greek Roman Emperor is aided by Giovanni Longo and the soldiers he can muster to his banner.

Opposing him is Mehmed II the 21 year old Sultan of the Ottoman Empire who has continued to claim territory around the once great Byzantine Empire now reduced to little more than a city state.

Music Sources:

Invasion - Sascha Ende
Heroic Trailer - Rafael Krux
War Horde - Rafael Krux
Gregorian Chant - Kevin Macleod
Anguish - Kevin Macleod
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"No emperor should outlive his empire."

Synystr
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The algorithm has blessed me with this channel, its really good

A-Forty
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Number 1 saddest anime ending.

Seriously though, as sad as the fall of Constantinople is; no Empire can last forever, and when you look at how many empires went down slowly and just withered away pathetically, you have to appreciate how perfect of a finale this is; going down fighting for your capital. If Remus and Romulus (had they existed) could choose how their legacy would end, they would want something like this.

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faryafaraji
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It is said that during the final days of the siege, some "miraculous" events happened which contributed to the morale of both sides:

For the Byzantines:

There was a prophecy that the city will not fall until ships sail overland... well, we all know what happened with this.
There was also a prophecy that the city will stand as long as the moon is in the heavens. Then a bloody lunar eclipse happened. An eclipse that looked like the Turkish flag.

People began to pray and hold processions in the streets to seek God's help and forgiveness. Unfortunately, a thunderstorm arrived with icy pellets from the sky. The icon of the virgin mary that they were parading a few moments ago was toppled from its stand. Those in the procession tried to put back the icon and continue the procession, but for some reason they were not able to lift it atop. The flood that ensued broke the procession. Then after the storm, the next day, a huge fog covered the whole city (and this is in the month of May). People began to believe that god was abandoning them. When the fog lifted, people saw strange flicker of lights appear and fade in strange places, but most horrifyingly at the top of hagia sophia's dome. The light on top of the dome was slowly fading upwards and was so noticeable, it looked like it was on fire (and the hagia sophia's dome never experienced fire before).

The believers thought this was the holy spirit leaving the city. If you were one of the defenders of the city on that time, if starvation did not break your morale, these events surely did.

For the Ottomans:

The found the grave of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, the companion of the prophet Muhammad, near the walls of the city. He died many centuries ago, during the failed attempt of the Arabs to take Constantinople. This was one of the holiest people in their religion and for them to discover this at this time was surely a divine blessing in their eyes. If you were one of the Muslim attackers at that time, this will surely boost your morale a hundred fold.

alsiyonealternate
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Absolutely well done mate; and one of the most fascinating moments in history as well. Love all the work you do🙏🏻

theearlofmarch
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YESS A 3rd video talking about the fall of Constantinople I just can’t get enough of this significant event

amayaproductions
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Wow this was amazing! You should make a video on what happened to the remnants after the fall of constantinople. Like what happened to morea, trebizond, epirus, etc.

romainvicta
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UPDATE SEP 23, 2020 - COMING SOON -> RISE OF THE OTTOMANS a new History series on the channel!

ERRATA: I said connecting Golden Horn to Bosporus Straits but as someone who has been to Istanbul and explored it like a kid in a candy store I should have of course said "Sea of Marmara"...missed it in editing.

UPDATE: I use the community tab on this channel frequently to update on content, run polls for feedback and answer any additional questions people have. It is a great way to stay up to date with pending content.

Also...forgot to put my sources in video description so will include them here for now as adding them now will impact the algorithm and the video is doing pretty well for my channel so ill wait on adding it there. Here is an Islamic historical perspective on the siege and includes citations at the bottom of it which I also looked at to try and create a balanced non western only account of the siege:

YoreHistory
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For those interested, some monumental works regarding the Greek Byzantine Empire by three experts of Byzantine History, include;

Warren Treadgold;
“A Concise History of Byzantium”,
“A History of the Byzantine State and Society”,
“Byzantium and Its Army, 284–1081”,
“The Byzantine Revival, 780–842”.

Gustav Schlumberger;
“Un empereur byzantin au dixieme siecle: Nicephore Phocas”,
“Byzance et les croisades”,
“Récits de Byzance et des croisades”,
“ Le siege la prise et le sac de Constantinople par les Turcs en 1453”.

Sir Steven Runciman;
“Byzantine Civilization”,
“The Fall of Constantinople 1453”,
“The Great Church in Captivity: A Study of the Patriarchate of Constantinople from the Eve of the Turkish Conquest to the Greek War of Independence”,
“Byzantine Style and Civilization”,
“The Last Byzantine Renaissance”.

All epic. Truly, an academic treasure.

TheoKolokotronis
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Human beings doing what they do best, they conquer and get conquered. No empire was ever built with hugs and kisses.

pluto-
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RIP for the brave Emperor Constantine and the valiant defenders of Constantinople. Those who fall fighting, rise again. One way or another, sooner or later...

lysanders
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This chanel was very underrated, it's very good actually

naufaltaqi
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Superb video ! Thank you for all the presentation and details.

akshaykorlekar
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“For we are Hellenes by race and Romans by polity, which means that we are both the heirs of the Greek wisdom and the upholders of Roman law.”

George Gemistos Plethon, Prominent Byzantine Scholar (14th century).

Theodoros_Kolokotronis
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A truly excellent video. Especially, so well written. I really appreciate how you capture the ‘pathos’ in the fall of the city, and the end of the Roman Empire.

Geopoliticus
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that was a sad day for eastern Europeans.. Ottomans held back the balkans for so many centuries

DimitrisI
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you are my saviour, i didnt find any vids about the seige with good animations and detail

bahaataleb
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this video hypes me for a Trbizond assault in the future. But I can wait.

diegoragot
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Excellent video, great work and study

fsmith
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Found your channel a few days ago, and I’m very impressed with the quality of the work. One day could you make a video about Norman and Plantagenet England, respect and hello from England.

thomassugg