Glutamine and Glutamate for Health and Longevity #aging #health #longevity #diet #glutamine

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Glutamine (GLN) and glutamic acid are amino acids. GLN is neutral (pH 4.0–6.0) and abundant in the body, while glutamic acid is more acidic (pH 3.0–3.5). Both contribute to protein synthesis, energy production, and neurotransmission. Some avoid glutamic acid-rich foods due to health concerns, but MSG, a glutamic acid salt, is common in Asian cuisine. GLN supports immune cells, but the direct impact of glutamic acid on immunity is less studied. Precursors for glutathione (GSH) are cysteine, glycine, and glutamate. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supports GSH production. GLN and MSG may impact GSH levels differently. GLU is a neurotransmitter that impacts brain function and plasticity. Excess MSG consumption may have side effects, affecting acidity in the gastrodigestive tract and food digestion. GLN could support digestion and colon health. While GLN supplements could be beneficial, excessive intake should be avoided. The World Health Organization recommends moderate MSG and salt consumption, considering sodium and potassium intake. References are provided for further reading.