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How does one treat Osteoporosis? - Dr. Anantharaman Ramakrishnan

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Osteoporosis is not a disease. Osteoporosis is a condition of increased risk of fractures. When do we decide to treat osteoporosis. There is an online tool called as the frank’s score that we use to decide before we treat anybody for osteoporosis. So it is not only those who have osteoporosis that we treat, but those who have osteopenia also. Patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia are at a higher risk of fractures in the future. If the fracture expectation is more in the next 10 years, then we treat it. What are the treatments we offer in osteoporosis? Number 1, calcium number 2, vitamin D, number 3 bisphosphonates, number 4 recombinant human teriparatide. So calcium and Vitamin D ate supplementary therapies. We can take calcium naturally as well, we can take dietary calcium. In most of the Indian diet, calcium is very low in the diet and it is s almost impossible for the patients with osteoporosis to take adequate calcium. So we give supplemental calcium, which is calcium carbonate or calcium citrate maleate. Vitamin D is available for free when you sit in the sun for about 25 to 30 minutes when you sit in the afternoon everyday, day in and day out, but it is not a practical solution and we go for supplemental Vitamin D . So we give supplemental calcium, supplemental Vitamin D for those who have osteoporosis and we also decide to give bisphosphonates, which can be oral bisphosphonates or injectable bisphosphonates. Injectable bisphosphonates can be given once in a year. So it is very convenient for the patient, but it involves an intravenous line being placed and an infusion being given for 15 to 20 minutes we also have an option to take tablets, ever week once, but on empty stomach with plenty of water. In those who have sever osteoporosis, especially in individuals who have osteoporosis before, and fractures due to osteoporosis , falling down and hurting oneself. In such cases, we go for an anabolic agent or a bone building agent it is nothing but a hormone 1 to 34 recombinant teriparatide, it is an analogue of the parathormone that is present in the blood. We convert it into a smaller fragment that is equally active and it is widely available in different forms in India and if it is daily injection to be taken for 1 and a half years. So post 1 and a half years, the bone doesn’t build. The bone builds in the first 6 to 8 months and thereafter it stabilises. So we use recombinant teriparatide, for a duration of one and a half years and those who have severe osteoporosis and then follow it up with bisphosphonates.
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