Does insomnia cause depression?

Hi all! This video discusses the link between insomnia and depression, specifically among adolescents. I discuss the possible mechanisms explaining their link (inflammation, HPA axis/cortisol, negative appraisals), prevalence studies, and possible treatments. Hope you enjoy!

Music creds to Jayan Patel

0:00 Intro
0:36 DSM5 summary
01:08 Prevalence studies
01:55 Insomnia causing depression
03:23 Insomnia-depression mechanisms
03:27 Insomnia-depression stressful events
04:11 Insomnia-depression HPA axis/cortisol
05:16 Insomnia-depression inflammation
05:53 Insomnia-depression treatment
07:18 Summary

References:
Clarke et al. (2012). The complex role of sleep in adolescent depression. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, 21(2), 385-400.
Casement et al. (2016). Neural reward processing mediates the relationship between insomnia symptoms and depression in adolescence. Sleep, 39(2), 439-447.
Johnson et al. (2006). The association of insomnia with anxiety disorders and depression: an exploration of the direction of risk. Journal of psychiatric research, 40(8), 700-708.
Johnson et al. (2006). The association of insomnia with anxiety disorders and depression: an exploration of the direction of risk. Journal of psychiatric research, 40(8), 700-708
Roan et al. (2008). Adolescent insomnia as a risk factor for early adult depression and substance abuse. Sleep, 31(10), 1351-1356.
Sivertsen et al. (2013). Delayed sleep phase syndrome in adolescents: prevalence and correlates in a large population-based study. BMC public health, 13(1), 1-10.
Orchard et al. (2020). Self‐reported sleep patterns and quality amongst adolescents: cross‐sectional and prospective associations with anxiety and depression. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61(10), 1126-1137
Song et al. (2019). Insomnia and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents: Can Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Contribute to Improve Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms?. Chronobiology in Medicine, 1(2), 60-65.
Fang et al. (2019). Depression in sleep disturbance: a review on a bidirectional relationship, mechanisms and treatment. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 23(4), 2324-2332.
Ye, Yuan-yuan et al. "Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (ICBT-i) improves comorbid anxiety and depression—a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." PLoS One 10.11 (2015)
de Bruin et al. (2018). Improvements of adolescent psychopathology after insomnia treatment: results from a randomized controlled trial over 1 year. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59(5), 509-522.
Werner-Seidler et al. (2019). Pilot evaluation of the Sleep Ninja: a smartphone application for adolescent insomnia symptoms. BMJ open, 9(5), e026502.

[rayraribeiro]

Thank you for this video and for all content that you've been posting, they are so important and you make it acessible to all. 👏🏽❤

[my.dear.watson]

Very useful video. Thank you for making this, Ava, have been suffering from insomnia for a while now. This video clears up some of the doubts I had.
And I was wondering if you could make a video discussing if special exercises really help ADHD.
- RunKittyRun

[mikeguliano]

Thank you Ava, and thank you for posting your content on the r/neurophilosophy. I've long wondered if working night shift contributes to my depression, including heightened cortisol from dealing with stressful situations at work. (I'm a m.h. caseworker) Thanks for explaining some of the science behind this. Definitely hope to get a day shift position. I was wondering if you could do a video on issues of free will and neuroplasticity i.e. how much we can change our personality and beliefs and how much is determined from genetics and childhood. I think it would be really helpful because we all want to know how much control we have in shaping who we are.

[TheCatur]

I find ur channel when i can’t sleep while thinking how to get my PhD in ucl 😁.

[TheDarknight]

Well i dont see my life without antidepresives because i need to work and have a "normal" life so i got to the conclusion that i need them to get going because if i dont have them wouldnt be a "normal" person