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Vitamin D and pandemic science
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US, NHI Guidelines
About 42% of the US population is vitamin D deficient
82% in black people
70% in Hispanics
Public health England
Vitamin D dose
IU mcg
400 10mcg
800 20mcg
1,000 25mcg
2,000 50mcg
4,000 100mcg
6,000 150 mcg
Facial Masking for Covid-19 — Potential for “Variolation” as We Await a Vaccine (NEJM, 14th September)
Universal mask wearing might make mild or asymptomatic disease more likely
A form of “variolation”
Inoculation
Generate immunity and thereby slow the spread of the virus
Viral shedding from the noses and mouths of patients, presymptomatic or asymptomatic
Shedding rates equivalent to those among symptomatic patients
SARS -1
A strong relationship between public masking and pandemic control
SARS - CoV - 2
Recent virologic, epidemiologic, and ecologic data
Hypothesis that facial masking may also reduce the severity of disease among people who
do become infected
Long-standing theory of viral pathogenesis
Severity of disease is proportionate to the viral inoculum received
Typical rate of asymptomatic infection, estimated to be 40% by the CDC in mid-July,
Settings with universal facial masking, 80%
Also less severe and less deaths
Tiny Antibody Component Highly Effective Against COVID-19
Ab8 evidence of efficacy in vitro and animals
Monoclonal antibodies to begin UK trial
n = 2,000
2,000 more needed (me)
UK Recovery Trial
Neutralising antibodies
REGN-COV2 will be a new arm of the trial
Mixture of two monoclonal antibodies
US biotech company Regeneron
Regeneron, monoclonal antibodies, Ebola
Both attach to the spike of the virus at slightly different places
PFIZER/BIONTECH VACCINE
Albert Bourla, (CEO of Pfizer)
Making good progress with a COVID vaccine
60 per cent chance, will know by the end of October their vaccine was effective and safe
Trials have been carried out on 30,000 people, and that is expanding to 44,000
Then move on to FDA to certify
Already had 'hundreds of thousands' of doses ready to go
Mass manufacture in hand
UAE approves urgent use of China-developed COVID-19 vaccine after test on 31,000 volunteers
Phase I and II results June
100 percent of volunteers generating antibodies after two doses in 28 days
6 weeks, 31,000 volunteers, 125 nationalities, phase 3 started 16th July
United Arab Emirates (UAE) emergency approval for use
China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm)
Department of Health of Abu Dhabi
Clinical trials, simultaneous in Bahrain, Jordan and Egypt
100,000 injections given so far, no adverse reactions, no infections
Mild and expected side effects
No severe side effects or complications
Volunteers, 1,000, chronic diseases
Volunteers now receiving their second shot
AI and supercomputing, trial results, fast
India
May fast track vaccine
About 42% of the US population is vitamin D deficient
82% in black people
70% in Hispanics
Public health England
Vitamin D dose
IU mcg
400 10mcg
800 20mcg
1,000 25mcg
2,000 50mcg
4,000 100mcg
6,000 150 mcg
Facial Masking for Covid-19 — Potential for “Variolation” as We Await a Vaccine (NEJM, 14th September)
Universal mask wearing might make mild or asymptomatic disease more likely
A form of “variolation”
Inoculation
Generate immunity and thereby slow the spread of the virus
Viral shedding from the noses and mouths of patients, presymptomatic or asymptomatic
Shedding rates equivalent to those among symptomatic patients
SARS -1
A strong relationship between public masking and pandemic control
SARS - CoV - 2
Recent virologic, epidemiologic, and ecologic data
Hypothesis that facial masking may also reduce the severity of disease among people who
do become infected
Long-standing theory of viral pathogenesis
Severity of disease is proportionate to the viral inoculum received
Typical rate of asymptomatic infection, estimated to be 40% by the CDC in mid-July,
Settings with universal facial masking, 80%
Also less severe and less deaths
Tiny Antibody Component Highly Effective Against COVID-19
Ab8 evidence of efficacy in vitro and animals
Monoclonal antibodies to begin UK trial
n = 2,000
2,000 more needed (me)
UK Recovery Trial
Neutralising antibodies
REGN-COV2 will be a new arm of the trial
Mixture of two monoclonal antibodies
US biotech company Regeneron
Regeneron, monoclonal antibodies, Ebola
Both attach to the spike of the virus at slightly different places
PFIZER/BIONTECH VACCINE
Albert Bourla, (CEO of Pfizer)
Making good progress with a COVID vaccine
60 per cent chance, will know by the end of October their vaccine was effective and safe
Trials have been carried out on 30,000 people, and that is expanding to 44,000
Then move on to FDA to certify
Already had 'hundreds of thousands' of doses ready to go
Mass manufacture in hand
UAE approves urgent use of China-developed COVID-19 vaccine after test on 31,000 volunteers
Phase I and II results June
100 percent of volunteers generating antibodies after two doses in 28 days
6 weeks, 31,000 volunteers, 125 nationalities, phase 3 started 16th July
United Arab Emirates (UAE) emergency approval for use
China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm)
Department of Health of Abu Dhabi
Clinical trials, simultaneous in Bahrain, Jordan and Egypt
100,000 injections given so far, no adverse reactions, no infections
Mild and expected side effects
No severe side effects or complications
Volunteers, 1,000, chronic diseases
Volunteers now receiving their second shot
AI and supercomputing, trial results, fast
India
May fast track vaccine
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