How to Play Audio on Arduino + Debug

This is a way too long tutorial on how to play medium quality audio files on an Arduino. I remember myself starting and what was supposed to be fun development, often times proved to be frustrating error checking. I wanted to make this explanation as complete as I could to help out everyone who might run in to some trouble. More importantly though, I am hoping to help build a more general understanding of the concepts behind this project. Learning how and why it works is vastly more important than just to play a song.

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You can hear popping sound out the beginning and the end of playing. This is known by the TMRpcm developer and supposedly solved in most cases. See the discussion here:

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Talking teddy video
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Project files (including schematic):
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Wav converter
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00:00 -- Introduction
01:07 -- PWM background
02:00 -- Circuit assembly
03.07 -- Amplifier background
04:30 -- Back to circuit assembly
06:29 -- Code
10:35 -- Audio file conversion
11:56 -- Power up
13:17 -- Troubleshooting

[InterlacedTech]

I feel terrible how this channel is underrated, your stuff is actually interesting and must be seen by the world... Try to use ranked tags for better search results.

[Anonymous-hden]

You summed up all things i need to know in one video, thank you very much .

[irfanrajput]

I have followed the tutorial step-by-step, multiple times, card initialization is O.K, but the .wav file could not be played. Any further suggestions, please.

[TravelersRuneAlt]

hey, i finaly got everything working! it is just very very quiet, any help?

[matteodoveri]

Hi ! I'm struggling reproducing my file audio, I think because of the way you convert itself. I'm italian and the website you used is down so I'm very disappointed and I cannot find an audio converter that make me able to change bit resolution channel ecc. I think the problem is here but I don't know how to fix it. I wish you can help me and my project. Thanks

[HerrHafiz]

do you need the 10 micro farad capacitor if you just using power source from the 9V plug or USB cable? because in my project i dont need extra power source

[farhad]

please make a video where i2c eeprom is used to store the audio....

[serentynym]

when i put my oscilloscope on the pin 9 output, im not getting PWM, it just has supper small spikes in the wave up to 5v but only for a fraction of a microsecond. ive tried everything but i cant seem to get it to work

[jyfyjf]

how can I boost the sound, I used 4 ohms, 3 watts

[deathknight]

Hello! I ve been trying to do this and im kinda stuck. What should i do if by doing the led test on pin 9, the led blinks only once? Also, instead of using a speaker, im trying to use in my project a 3.5 mm jack instead. Any idea how i might be able to do that? I found a trrs jack module that might help
Edit: succeded in making the led blink however i still dont get any sound. Perhaps its from the speaker? I have an 8 ohm 1 W

[mlateef]

should we use electrolytic capacitor or ceramic capacitor ?

[mwhite]

Hi Make it happen

Is it possible to expand this prototype to 6 buttons with the necessary hardware e.g. 6 resistors, 6 compactors etc... If so would I need extra power to the Arduino

[yenterary]

Hello, does anyone know if an 1W 8ohm speaker will work with this? Some people said this will fry my arduino

[khaliq-fgbb]

Can i use BC547B Transistor instead of NPN?