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**Answer: A) Rabindranath Tagore**

Rabindranath Tagore wrote the national anthem of India, *Jana Gana Mana*. It was originally composed in Bengali and was first sung at the 1911 Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress. The anthem celebrates the unity and diversity of India, invoking the idea of a guiding force that brings the country together.

The original Bengali version is a poem titled *Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata*, and it was later translated into Hindi and adopted as India’s national anthem on January 24, 1950. Tagore, who was a renowned poet, philosopher, and Nobel laureate, is the only individual to have composed national anthems for two countries—India (*Jana Gana Mana*) and Bangladesh (*Amar Shonar Bangla*).

The anthem's lyrics reflect the rich cultural heritage and unity of India, covering various regions, rivers, and languages, symbolizing the inclusiveness of the nation.