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**Answer: b) Saffron, White, and Green**

The Indian national flag, also known as the **Tiranga** or Tricolor, consists of three horizontal stripes:

1. **Saffron (at the top):** Represents courage, sacrifice, and the strength of the Indian people.
2. **White (in the middle):** Symbolizes peace, truth, and harmony. It also contains the **Ashoka Chakra**, a navy-blue, 24-spoke wheel representing righteousness, progress, and justice.
3. **Green (at the bottom):** Denotes fertility, growth, and the prosperity of the land.

The flag was adopted on **July 22, 1947**, by the Constituent Assembly, just before India gained independence on August 15, 1947. The design was influenced by the Swaraj Flag created by Pingali Venkayya, with modifications to include the Ashoka Chakra, inspired by the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath.

The Indian national flag is a symbol of pride and unity, reflecting the ideals and values of the nation.