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**Answer: b) H₂O**

Water is a chemical compound made up of two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom. Its chemical formula is H₂O. This formula indicates that for every oxygen atom in a molecule of water, there are two hydrogen atoms.

Here’s a breakdown:
1. **Hydrogen atoms:** Each has a single proton and one electron. Hydrogen is the lightest and simplest element.
2. **Oxygen atom:** It has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons, making it a highly reactive element, perfect for bonding with hydrogen.
3. **Bonding:** The hydrogen and oxygen atoms are held together by covalent bonds, where electrons are shared between the atoms.

Water is essential for all known forms of life. Its unique properties, such as being a solvent for many substances, having a high specific heat capacity, and being a liquid at a wide range of temperatures, are due to its molecular structure and hydrogen bonding between water molecules.
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