Sine, Cosine, Force as a Chopping Function

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Sine and cosine are fundamental trigonometric functions prevalent in geometry and physics. Both relate to the angles of right triangles within the unit circle. The sine function (sin) represents the ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse, while cosine (cos) signifies the ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse. These functions extend beyond right triangles, finding extensive use in modeling periodic phenomena such as oscillations and waves. Essential in trigonometry, calculus, and physics, sine and cosine play pivotal roles in understanding and analyzing cyclical patterns, harmonic motion, and the behavior of alternating currents in electrical systems.