The Multiverse Hypothesis Explained by Max Tegmark

The multiverse hypothesis has attracted attention over the last few years but in actuality it's a very old idea going back to the ancient Greeks where they imagined the concept of infinite worlds. However the multiverse hypothesis has been under scrutiny only in the time of modern physics.

Dr. Max Tegmark is a Swedish-American Physicist, Cosmologist, & Professor at MIT. He explains in detail the multiverse hypothesis. According to Max Tegmark, the multiverse is not just a staple of science fiction. He argues that there are at least 4 different kinds of parallel universes lurking out there. Together, these universes comprise everything that exists: the entirety of space, time, matter, energy, information, and the physical laws and constants that describe them. They are arranged such that subsequent levels can be understood to encompass and expand upon previous levels.

A common feature of all four multiverse levels is that the simplest and arguably most elegant theory involves parallel universes by default.

Prominent physicists are divided about whether any other universes exist outside of our own.

Some of them think that the multiverse theory could at least be rendered more plausible, by the existence of dark energy in our universe.

However, others argue that the multiverse is a philosophical notion rather than a scientific hypothesis because it cannot be empirically falsified.

If our universe were merely one of infinitely many, there would be no way to confirm that any of the others are distinct rather than part of an infinite multiverse. In other words, no external observer could ever determine whether his universe was special in the sense that it is exempted from sharing its characteristics with other universes.

#multiverse #tegmark #science

Sources
Our Mathematical Universe: My Quest for the Ultimate Nature of Reality (2014) ISBN 978-0307599803
Tegmark, Max (May 2003). "Parallel Universes". Scientific American. Vol. 288. pp. 40–51. arXiv:astro-ph/0302131 - Retieved 26.February 2021
Tegmark, Max (23 January 2003). Parallel Universes (PDF). Retrieved 25 February 2021

[ScienceTime]

Do you think there exists a universe where you will answer this question differently?

[SAMBUDDHA]

Max Tegmark, Brian Greene, Sean Carroll, Michio Kaku, Kim Thorne, Sir Roger am blessed to be able to hear them speak of knowledge of such immense proportions...

[kingpuppet]

This is utterly fascinating. Great video, thanks.

[topguntk]

*for those confused about level 4 type* gonna blow ur mind
level 4 could be other universes that are not similar to ours in any way but made of completely different fundamental laws of physics or no physics at all but something completely uncomprehendable to us. perhaps they would be like magic to us and our universe would be like magic to them. these universes could have completely different unique kinds of matter and unknown alien elements that we dont have in our universe. each universe would have the right to be called universes of there own even though they would look different then the last. perhaps there are colors our brains cant imagine and colors and entities that dont exist in our universe but exist in these other universes. even if there is a multiverse containing question then will be whats outside the Multiverse? and so on ....so like how our universe has stars planets galaxies time black holes matter dimensions etc these otber universes would have there own kinds of things that dont exist here. these universes wouldnt ever interact witb ours unlike the level 1 or 2 or 3 how they interact in some way....level 4 are outside in there own continuum. seperated in a completely different multiverse plane itself so they would be there own mathematical thing. our universe in a sea of universes then outside of those sea of universes in a even further realm further then outside our multiverse would exist these level 4 multiverses....i watched a lot of series on these to explain this

[bswins]

Multiverse explanations usually fry my brain after Level I. I’m comforted believing that there are smarter versions of me “out there” who understand better. However, I weep for the dumber versions of me who probably have smoke coming out of their ears.

[Snoogums]

I do believe in the probability, possibility, and potential of infinite universes. I am still learning but I think we can find a meaning and purpose based on what we now know. At first it was like an existential crisis, if there are infinite “me”’s then nothing really matters. But now I feel that I am the only “me” in any given situation, so everything mattters and our self still only gets one shot so we have to make it the best with what we’ve got.

[thedamnedatheist]

So if multiple universes coexist, could they interact? Could a weak gravitational interaction between them cause our universe to appear more massive than it is, without placeholders like dark matter & dark energy?

[Jeremy-msbd]

The Big bang and the spark that created it all. Everything is running parallel to our time on our plane I think personally, other realities like how were all just vibrating at different frequency's is possible also, it's just being able to see/tune into it. That darn space/time in my opinion. Everything's connected in ways, it's just a matter of how. Yes there are other implications to this pertaining to the Cosmos also in my opinion. Some just can't see the possibilities of somethings. We try to understand though and that's all part of it. Figuring things out can be some of the hardest things to figure at times.

[vrlevel]

We don't have to believe blindly in parallel universes, we have to keep searching for evidence, there must be a way to do such experiment. Right now this is much a matter of faith and science can not fall in those relms.

[parsimoniousdialog]

Alright, Max. Quick draw. If Isaac Asimov's 'Foundation' novels describe the "Laplace solution" to the deterministic universe, what do you think about technologically advanced aliens? What about the contemporary "Protoss" from Starcraft? Suppose that the Universe identifies not with the "atom, " but, instead, the Universe identifies with the Earth. Drawing some conclusions from the existence of our planet Earth, and, including some ideas about the quantum, what do you think a Protoss multiverse would look like? Do you think Laplace's conjectures would be valid against the backdrop of a multiplanetary civilization? There really might be a multiverse, and some universes or universii might be larger than our current description of the known universe. Do you think that an advanced alien civilization with major technological improvements, a civilization like the Protoss, could be subject to the same problems of entropy that we humans or "Terran" experience?

[shekishral]

The theorie regarding the levels of the Multiverses is fascinating for me as a Muslim who loves science, reading at the same time what Islam suggests that there are 7 level of multiversis ( different in size and realness), and 7 earths, and only our universe has stars etc

[juliane.alexander]

We're obviously "going back". One of those parallel worlds BELONG to you! But the only way back there is to become individually whole again. WHOLE, not 'complete". This was the hint in Jet Li's movie, "The One".

[dustinplatt]

My alternate universe doppelganger probably has exactly what I have in this universe.






Crippling depression.

[TheRISINGSTAR]

Then why are we only conscious in this one?

[lh]

He doesn't propose there "are" multiverses. He proposed a possibility of what they could conceptually be like.

"Are" is a pretty loaded word.

[خورشیدشاه]

معنای زمان در کیهان چیست ؟ چرخش و حرکت کهکشان چگونه و چیست آیا در حال آمدنند و یا در حال رفتن از نقطه ای به نقطه دیگر برای انجام ماموریت و رسالت خویش ۰۰۰ ۰ ؟

[ConnoisseurOfExistence]

Awesome video and awesome channel! You pay attention to the same things like me - physics, technology, brain-machine interfaces... My primary interest has always been in physics, but lately I'm getting more and more interested in AI and Neuralink. I think our modern sensitive tools provide us with too much data for the human brain to be able to make sense of (ergo dark matter, dark energy, quantum entanglement, black holes). So the best way to science for humanity is via AI and brain-machine interfaces (we need augmentation). Max Tegmark and Roger Penrose are my favorite modern scientists. In my opinion, not only all possible physical universes and multiverses do exist in reality, but also every possible mathematical object (like infinitely dimensional spaces for example) actually exist, somewhere, somehow.

[tonycotto]

I'm the me that watched and liked.

[vaginaface]

Crazy to think that all the copies of me are probably just as lost in life as me...

[curtcoller]

I would love to "miss videos like this".