Giant Hiatus Hernia Animation, Diaphragmatic Hernia | Dr Tulip | JP Nagar #hiatalhernia

A giant hiatus hernia (GHH), is a condition where a significant portion of the stomach and sometimes other abdominal organs move from their normal position and enter into the chest cavity. This can cause a lot of discomfort to a person. The degree of discomfort depends on the amount of tummy contents that have entered into the chest cavity and also the duration since the person is having hiatus hernia.
Symptoms: The person having GHH can experience GERD, shortness of breath, difficulty swallowing, chest discomfort, shortness of breath, early satiety, vomiting .
Cause: The most common cause for GHH to start and progress is a raised intraabdominal pressure due to some reason. The rise in the intraabdominal pressure could be due to chronic cough, obesity, lifting of heavy weights, pregnancy etc.
Weakness in the diaphragmatic muscle with age could also be a cause. Rarely and injury to the diaphragm during an accident could lead to the development of a GHH.
Investigations: An X-ray called the Barium Swallow, upper GI Endoscopy, CT Scan and Manometry are the diagnostic tools available to detect a GHH.
Complications:
• If left untreated, a GHH could lead to a lot of complications like obstruction and the person experiences vomiting as the stomach gets blocked and twisted and contents are not allowed to move out of the stomach.
• Strangulation of the herniated stomach where in the stomach gets stuck badly in the chest, and finally blood supply to the stomach is lost. When this happens, the stomach can even perforate and tear which could be dangerous for life. Reflux Esophagitis: Severe inflammation of the esophagus due to chronic acid reflux. This can lead to Barret’s esophagus.
• Aspiration Pneumonia: Stomach contents can be inhaled into the lungs, causing infection.

Treatment
To start with, lifestyle modifications (dietary changes, weight loss) and medications (proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers for acid reduction) are the first line of treatment. This needs to be followed by planned surgery. The surgery will include:
1)Reduction i.e pulling back the stomach and other contents from the chest back into the tummy 2)Along with repair of the hernia defect with mesh and sutures.3) Fundoplication: Wrapping of the fundus of the stomach around the lower end of the esophagus. 4) Gastropexy.
Emergency surgery will be required if there is strangulation or obstruction of the stomach. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent complications and improve outcomes for patients with giant hiatus hernia.

Hiatal hernia symptoms
Causes of hiatal hernia
Diagnosis of hiatal hernia
Managing hiatal hernia
Acid reflux and hiatal hernia
Heartburn and regurgitation
Types of hiatal hernia
Sliding hiatal hernia
Paraesophageal hernia
Hiatal hernia complications
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Hiatal hernia treatments
Lifestyle changes for hiatal hernia
Hiatal hernia and diet
Hiatal hernia surgery
Hiatal hernia and chest pain
Hiatal hernia and shortness of breath
Hiatal hernia and difficulty swallowing
Hiatal hernia and stomach pain
Hiatal hernia and esophagus
Hiatal hernia diagnosis methods
Barium swallow X-ray
Endoscopy for hiatal hernia
Esophageal manometry
pH monitoring for acid reflux
Hiatal hernia and lifestyle modifications
Hiatal hernia and herbal remedies
Hiatal hernia and weight management
Coping with hiatal hernia
Hiatal hernia and dietary changes
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