Why we're not seeing solid-state batteries right now - Prof. Rupp | Battery Podcast

For over years, #battery manufacturers around the world are rejoicing in #solid-#state #cells for its groundbreaking characteristics. Recap 2023: Yes, we see multiple outstanding (almost-) solid-state lab cells (some of which are already on the market!) but the high expectations have never really met reality: Not a single car manufacturer (2023) is currently placing all-solid-state cells in their EVs. So, whats taking them so long?

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Our podcast guest Prof. Jennifer Rupp (TU Munich) researches solid-state materials for sustainable energy storage and conversion. Her research on batteries is currently centered on designing novel classes of lithium solid-state conductors, inventing cheap battery solid-state synthesis routes for new hybrid and solid cell designs and defining cyber-physical battery synthesis and high throughput analytics.

We ask her how solid-state batteries work and what types of ASSBs (all-solid-state batteries) could deliver tomorrow's best performance. Obviously, like in any other current lithium-ion batteries, the interplay between anode, cathode and electrolyte is mystery - but determinant of success at the same time.

So, what material approaches for solid-state electrolytes are the experts talking about? Solid electrolytes can be divided into organic and inorganic electrolytes. For inorganic electrolytes, the advantages for safety are predominant as they are non-flammable and do not contain toxic materials. Oxide-based electrolytes usually have good chemical stability and are compatible with high-energy cathode materials. However, the ion conductivity is lower than for sulfide-based electrolytes. Sulfide-based electrolytes generally have a higher ionic conductivity, but are more chemically unstable.

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[koralite]

🎯 Key Takeaways for quick navigation:

00:19 🎙️ Solid-state batteries promise higher energy density but face challenges in mass production due to material processing and cost factors.
03:06 ⚖️ Solid-state batteries offer the potential for double the energy density of lithium-ion batteries, making them a viable option for electric vehicles and other applications.
04:08 🚗 Leading companies like CATL, QuantumScape, ProLogium, and Solid Power are investing in solid-state battery research and development for future applications in various industries.
10:54 🔄 Solid-state batteries require careful optimization of interface and interfacial resistance between different materials to enhance performance and stability.
17:19 🔋 Solid-state batteries can potentially revolutionize electric vehicles, providing higher energy density, longer ranges, and reduced carbon footprint.
24:37 🔥 Solid-state batteries are considered safer than traditional lithium-ion batteries due to reduced flammability and improved material safety.
26:00 🌐 Sodium batteries show promise in terms of sustainability due to greater availability of sodium compared to lithium, but technical challenges remain to achieve equivalent energy density.
27:23 ♻️ Solid-state batteries present recycling challenges due to fused interfaces and high-temperature assembly, requiring advancements in low-temperature disassembly and refining techniques.

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[frankcoffey]

One thing is for sure, the race is on. There is development going on 24 hours a day all over the world both public and in secret. The next few years will be amazing. Not all of the new batteries will be useful in cars but that is not the only market. Grid storage, home storage, and many other uses will take advantage of almost all of them. The important thing is to have many different designs using different minerals so the price and availability of any one mineral or material doesn't become a limiting factor.

[matthewmanzi]

Solid state as said in the video have issues with connectivity due to difficulties with connection surfaces between solids. A simular approach of using lithium metal but still having a liquid electrolyte that is non flamable is the likely winner.

[jeffs]

I think a lot of it comes down to business models. Battery companies spent a ton of money on research and development on the current battery structure, and they need to get that back.

[mickinmerton]

Another great video. I can't pretend to understand it all but I did gain some knowledge.

[Freynightwalker]

My first view of your youtubes Patrick, great discussion with Professor Jennifer. Good information. Yes I am convinced that solid state batteries are the next milestone, although, as pointed out the chemistry involved needs continued research. I commend you and Professor Rupp for bringing this information to a broader audience

[lizzyventura]

Very good interview Patrick to the Mit professor Jennifer Rupp, thank you for sharing it.
I wish you could to also interview to Dr. Billy Wu, associate professor (reader) in the Dyson School of desigh enginnering at Imperial College London, Reaserching batteries, fuel cells and 3D printing, teaching materials, manufacturing and energy related topics, to get his point of view on the matter. I will be waiting for the video of the interview, thanks a lot.
Also Greetings from Peru and many successes.

[flashsushi]

Maxell of Japan already commercialized solid state batteries for medical equipment.

[roger_is_red]

I have a question maybe you could answer during discharge positive Lithium Ions flow from the anode to the cathode how do they over come the 3.7v voltage potential of the cathode?

[ChuanshengWang-kdqb]

I came back to watch this video again but noticed the negative comment about quantum scape was removed from the older version of this video. I wonder why?

[doobiescoobie]

Would have liked to hear more on just the safety component from this researcher. for example comparing lithium-ion vs solid state

[bengt_axle]

Wh/kg is technically not an energy density measure used in the battery industry, but the "specific energy". Rather, the volumetric energy density is measured in Wh/L. The energy density of the latest batteries is now reaching 1000Wh/L for Amprius products and they also claim specific energy of around 500Wh/kg. Both of these measures are important for mobile applications where weight and space are always in design considerations.

[catbert]

SS Bats will eventually overtake liquid, simply because they have a higher energy density per cost ceiling. Liquid will continue to be more cost-efficient for a while, because we've poured decades into refining the design and manufacture of that tech. SS will take some time to catch up, but will inevitably do so, because liquid will hit a maximum that is much lower than that of SS bats. Hard to say when that will happen but probably within the decade.

[aakasharora]

Hi, She said 22:28, 10, 000 cycle so 10, 000cycles (if 1 cycle means the battery getting charged fully once)*1000kms/cycle = Meaning car can run for 10, 000, 000 Kms on Solid State Battery??

[antoinkiely]

Fairly optimistic video I think.. huge research is ongoing, and batteries will get better and better.. we are gradually piecing together a low carbon future...

[einteilvonallemallesistein]

Vielen Dank für diesen interessanten Beitrag.
Ein gutes Format um die Menschen bei den Entwicklungen mitzunehmen.😊

Als Keramiker interessiert mich vor allem diese Seite. Welche Keramik kommt zum Einsatz, wie hoch sind die Brenntemperaturen, wie wird die Homogenität der verwendeten Rohstoffe gewährleistet, welcher Formgebungsprozeß ist vorgesehen, wo verlaufen die Schnittstellen zwischen Industrie und Forschung? Manchmal ist der Blick von außen auch hilfreich. Viele Dinge müssen auch nicht immer neu erfunden werden. 🤔

[konradandreenordvik]

Lithium as a resource is quite abundant throughout the earth's crust. The problem I believe has to do with existing suppliers ability to meet marked demands based on inadequate production methods as well as certain countries and battery companies buying up existing mining capacity around the world.

[Altrovexrecords]

Hi, thanks a lot for this brilliant video and reportage. It's not the problem of chemistry itself- the density mesured in KW/h per mass storage are more significant to develop batteries with high energy densities (+/- 500 - 800 W/kg) and of course interresting recharging capabilities. It's true, we must find the "Holy Grail" to keep out most incovenients and benefits from diverse battery-chemistries like sodium with better cathodes and anodes to charge them faster, if it could be possible to charge a Electric-cars with the speed and power like gasoline powered cars, then we have more people to buy this motorisation in future... I drive electric today, and I'm happy with my car for short distances a electric car is a must-have... For myself it's the future of transportation - just like to charge a little bit faster... 🙂

[don.timeless]

current Liit msy have increase in energy denesty but not charging fast as numbers that SSB showing

[drgeoffangel]

The real question is the resource of the raw materials in the manufacture of lithium ion batteries, the cost and the safety of lithium ion batteries when it comes to a global market ! The raw materials used in the manufacture of sodium batteries are possibly less expensive, and I am sure with the development of sodium batteries equal to that of lithium ion, in the future, sodium batteries will be the ultimate global winner, for many practical and functional reasons!