How Large is the Universe (VERSION 1)?

Watch VERSION 2 of this video on....

The universe has long captivated us with its immense scales of distance and time.

How far does it stretch? Where does it end... and what lies beyond its star fields... and streams of galaxies extending as far as telescopes can see?

These questions are beginning to yield to a series of extraordinary new lines of investigation... and technologies that are letting us to peer into the most distant realms of the cosmos...

But also at the behavior of matter and energy on the smallest of scales.

Remarkably, our growing understanding of this kingdom of the ultra-tiny, inside the nuclei of atoms, permits us to glimpse the largest vistas of space and time.

In ancient times, most observers saw the stars as a sphere surrounding the earth, often the home of deities.

The Greeks were the first to see celestial events as phenomena, subject to human investigation... rather than the fickle whims of the Gods.

One sky-watcher, for example, suggested that meteors are made of materials found on Earth... and might have even come from the Earth.

Those early astronomers built the foundations of modern science. But they would be shocked to see the discoveries made by their counterparts today.

The stars and planets that once harbored the gods are now seen as infinitesimal parts of a vast scaffolding of matter and energy extending far out into space.

Just how far... began to emerge in the 1920s.

Working at the huge new 100-inch Hooker Telescope on California's Mt. Wilson,

astronomer Edwin Hubble, along with his assistant named Milt Humason, analyzed the light of fuzzy patches of sky... known then as nebulae.

They showed that these were actually distant galaxies far beyond our own.

Hubble and Humason discovered that most of them are moving away from us. The farther out they looked, the faster they were receding.

This fact, now known as Hubble's law, suggests that there must have been a time when the matter in all these galaxies was together in one place.

That time... when our universe sprung forth... has come to be called the Big Bang.

How large the cosmos has gotten since then depends on how long its been growing... and its expansion rate.

Recent precision measurements gathered by the Hubble space telescope and other instruments have brought a consensus...

That the universe dates back 13.7 billion years.

Its radius, then, is the distance a beam of light would have traveled in that time ... 13.7 billion light years.

That works out to about 1.3 quadrillion kilometers.

In fact, it's even bigger.... Much bigger. How it got so large, so fast, was until recently a deep mystery.

That the universe could expand had been predicted back in 1917 by Albert Einstein, except that Einstein himself didn't believe it...

until he saw Hubble and Humason's evidence.

Einstein's general theory of relativity suggested that galaxies could be moving apart because space itself is expanding.

So when a photon gets blasted out from a distant star, it moves through a cosmic landscape that is getting larger and larger, increasing the distance it must travel to reach us.

In 1995, the orbiting telescope named for Edwin Hubble began to take the measure of the universe... by looking for the most distant galaxies it could see.

Taking the expansion of the universe into account, the space telescope found galaxies that are now almost 46 billion light years away from us in each direction... and almost 92 billion light years from each other.

And that would be the whole universe... according to a straightforward model of the big bang.

But remarkably, that might be a mere speck within the universe as a whole, according to a dramatic new theory that describes the origins of the cosmos.

It's based on the discovery that energy is constantly welling up from the vacuum of space in the form of particles of opposite charge... matter and anti-matter.

[noxure]

Sometimes I don't even remember where I parked my car.
That's how big the universe is.

[FozzyXT]

"What they heard was the echo of the big bang..." MOST AWESOME THING I'VE EVER HEARD

[sunspotst]

In terms of size we're probably to small to give out any signals in the universe, we can't hear bacteria communicating or better still can we hear cells communicate? How about the smallest ants, can we listen to them communicate.maybe out radio signals are not as strong as we think😬😬

[AzureShade]

The universe fascinates me so much. When I think about it I get a really excited feeling

[Willskull]

Fucking amazing! This should be every human job and hobby, understand the universe and evolve technologically to explore it

[inchMorningwood]

Human will never find out where the end of the universe is

[Jusash]

is it really that large and will it keep expanding?

[Drakggor]

What we know is finite, and what we don't is infinite. Our quest for knowledge will never end.

[vaughanie]

my brain just melted re-formed then exploded

[danteat]

Think how small you are and how big is the universe:o

[senna]

This guy has a unique voice its awesome

[CBHPwnz]

it's hard for me to grasp a big fraction of these terms he's saying but my mind is still hooked. the way we're here, the way we think, the way we are aware of our own existence fascinates me.

[twelge]

"Yeah. So the universe is expanding. We live in Brooklyn! Brooklyn is not expanding!" - My aunt Nadine

[ferezanioan]

I like this version / music / voice better :D

[M.Aljarhy]

{والسماء بنيناها بأيد وإنا لموسعون ( 47 ) والأرض فرشناها فنعم الماهدون ( 48 ) ومن كل شيء خلقنا زوجين لعلكم تذكرون ( 49 ) ففروا إلى الله إني لكم منه نذير مبين ( 50 ) ولا تجعلوا مع الله إلها آخر إني لكم منه نذير مبين ( 51 )} سورة الذاريات

We have built the heaven with might, and We it is Who make the vast extent (thereof).
And the earth have We laid out, how gracious is the Spreader (thereof)!And all things We have created by pairs, that haply ye may reflect.

Surat Adh-Dhariyat

[Obi-WanKannabis]

1. You don't know that for sure.
2. Big Bang is not the beggining of the universe, it's the beggining of the universe as we know it.

[Crazeyfor]

These subjects are always interesting. But I think they try to top the preceding films with flimsy, far-out theories. What we know so far is plenty mind boggling. No need to pad it with iffy info.

[Scribe]

It's pretty fukin big, in my professional opinion

[TheFlyingBrain.]

This is one of the better videos I've watched explaining the history of the development of the theory of inflation. Instead of glossing over important concepts, and leaving the viewer in a state of half-confusion, it actually explains a bit about where these ideas came from, and the concepts which underlie them. Thank you, SpaceRip.

[MorpheusOne]

...sheep in their flock..."God wants you to give me money. Give me your money!"

Organized religion needs money to exist since it, money, is the means that they used to obtain, & continue to use to maintain, the seat of their power, i.e., churches, synagogues, temples, mosques, etc. If ppl want to get together, as a group, & worship their version of the invisible `sky-god` then they can go to a public park, hold hands & sing kumbaya...