Vertigo and Dizziness - Top 7 Causes and treatment

Understanding Dizziness and Vertigo:

Dizziness is an umbrella term for various sensations, including spinning (vertigo), faintness (light-headedness), and imbalance.
Vertigo involves a spinning sensation, often triggered by inner ear issues.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV):

Most common cause of vertigo. Triggered by head movements like rolling in bed.
Caused by dislodged calcium crystals in the inner ear disrupting balance signals.
Treated effectively with the Epley Maneuver in 80-90 percent of cases.
Vestibular Migraine:

Vertigo episodes lasting hours, sometimes without a headache.
Triggered by stress, sensory overload, or specific foods.
Managed with stress reduction, sleep, and medications like propranolol and amitriptyline.
Ménière’s Disease:

Features vertigo, progressive hearing loss, ear fullness, and tinnitus.
Improved with a low sodium diet, diuretics, and sometimes steroid injections or surgery.
Vestibular Neuritis and Labyrinthitis:

Vestibular neuritis involves sudden vertigo without hearing loss; labyrinthitis includes hearing loss.
Often follows viral infections and is treated with antihistamines, meclizine, or benzodiazepines.
Orthostatic Hypotension:

Dizziness without vertigo, triggered by standing up due to sudden blood pressure drops.
Managed with slow posture changes, adequate hydration, and compression stockings.
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA):

Sudden vertigo or dizziness with neurological symptoms like weakness or speech difficulties.
A critical warning sign of stroke; 15 percent of TIA cases lead to stroke within 3 months.
Stroke and Brain Tumors:

Persistent vertigo with severe neurological symptoms like ataxia, diplopia, or slurred speech.
MRI and CT scans are essential for diagnosis. Tumors present with worsening dizziness, morning headaches, or seizures.
Epley Maneuver:

A specific physical therapy technique for BPPV that repositions dislodged otoliths to their correct place.
Red Flags for Serious Conditions:

Symptoms such as progressive dizziness, persistent headaches, neurological deficits, or seizures indicate serious underlying issues like strokes or tumors. Seek urgent medical attention.

Disclaimer:

This information is provided for general knowledge and educational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult with your doctor for any questions or concerns you may have about your health.

[doctoressam]

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[deepanshushort]

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