How Convolution Works

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A guided tour through convolution in two dimensions for convolutional neural networks and image processing

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I spent hours to learn about the concept of Convolution and didn't find answer how does it work in image processing, but you gave us probably the best closet to practicable definition.

naumanshafique
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Magically clear. Finally got what convolution is all about. I appreciate your hard work.

canklc
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My most sincere kudos. Your way of explaining things is how teaching should be. Looking forward to learning more from you.

turpialito
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This is the best explanation I have found to date on convolutions and the animations were fantastic. Great work.

ejkitchen
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Had to watch this a few times to start to get it, but it's a great video. So there are two ways of looking at the convolution. One is where the kernel is the actual thing being convolved and it's saying, 'At each pixel, give me a score for how well the kernel matches at this region.'

The second way is where you're treating the kernel more like a subimage you want to make multiple copies of, as scaled by pixel values in another image. But then to counteract the way kernels pull data into the center of the kernel, you have to reverse the subimage you want to make copies of before you use it as the kernel.

tobuslieven
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One nice thing to keep in mind is that the convolution in time/spatial domain is a simple multiplication in frequency domain. And vice versa 😉

podborski
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Thanks for this video, great explanation!

chrisminnoy
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Convolutions are part of nature as well. We see it in microscopy, where basically point light sources are Convoluted by the lenses in the microscope which gives the point a gaussian blur and some rings around the central blur, caused by diffraction, in the resulting image. The shape is known as an Airy disc.

BjarneThorsted
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Brilliant and awe inspiring !! Thank You sir, for such a high quality content.

siddhantpathak
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This is really awesome. Keep up the good work :)

jayachandra
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Flipping the kernel hurts my brain... and my feelings?? It is very anti-intuitive that when you flip, you get copies that have the SAME orientation as the original...

allyourcode
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Thanks for this video. It's very enlightening

qtptnqtptnable
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What is the idea of reversed kernel? What happens to convolution if we do not reverse?

ppujari
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best video i watched on convolution. now how do we represent it in maths?

taqwaajourney
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Hello, first of all thank you very much for the video, it's very interesting and well-structured. I haven't understood one thing though. With the dog image at 16:57, with my calculations, the upper left edge of its head should produce (as result in convolution) a red diagonal line instead of a white one. Because the edge has much more white spots on its down-right side and much less on its upper-left side. Why do we produce the exact reverse (or opposite) value in the convolution? Have a nice day!


PS: I now resent the use of the word ''much'' in everyday language because apparently we can deduce any subject matter to an integer or a series of integers somehow, therefore favoring ''many'' in all cases.

tolgatolgay
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... I was writing my thesis* and just now I started writing a chapter about what convolutional filters I use and saw that this video went up.
What kind of sorcery is this?

*only work with "classical" image anysis, no machine learning

bruderdasisteinschwerermangel
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your content is amazing. will you do any q and a in your online class?

i am having trouble finding out what “convolution on top of convolution” is.

if you run 20 filters on an image you get another image with 20 channels. what happens when you run 20 filters on those 20 filters after pooling? do each of those filters have 20 channels? do you run 1 filter on 1 channel?

everyone talks about layer 1 but no one really talks about multi layer convolution in any great detail. does your class offer this type of granular analysis?

shake
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Nice explanation! I'd like to see if there's some use for blind deconvolution in ML, e.g. for noise filtering, etc.

Icenri
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at 8:15 convolution image, it looks like the red diagonal line should be on top, and the white one should be below

rosairefongang
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The part where you use kernel to create multiple of itself on the image, is it called Cross-correlation? or just a special form of convolution?( apologies for any of my misunderstanding of cross and conv) Since I heard cross-correlation is regularly used for image matching

jimmythenthusiast