Addison's Disease, Causes, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment.

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Chapters

0:00 Introduction
1:10 Causes of Addison's disease
3:09 Symptoms of Addison's disease
4:08 Diagnosis of Addison's disease
4:13 Treatment of Addison's disease

Addison's disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency,[4] is a rare long-term endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate production of the steroid hormones cortisol and aldosterone by the two outer layers of the cells of the adrenal glands (adrenal cortex), causing adrenal insufficiency.[5] Symptoms generally come on slowly and insidiously and may include abdominal pain and gastrointestinal abnormalities, weakness, and weight loss.[1] Darkening of the skin in certain areas may also occur.[1] Under certain circumstances, an adrenal crisis may occur with low blood pressure, vomiting, lower back pain, and loss of consciousness.[1] Mood changes may also occur. Rapid onset of symptoms indicates acute adrenal failure which is a serious and emergent condition.[5] An adrenal crisis can be triggered by stress, such as from an injury, surgery, or infection.[1]

Addison's disease arises from problems with the adrenal gland such that not enough of the steroid hormone cortisol and possibly aldosterone are produced.[1] In developed countries, the etiology of Addison's disease is often attributed to idiopathic damage by the body's own immune system, and in developing countries most often due to tuberculosis.[6][needs update] Other causes include certain medications, sepsis, and bleeding into both adrenal glands.[1][6] Secondary adrenal insufficiency is caused by not enough adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (produced by the pituitary gland) or corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) (produced by the hypothalamus).[1] Despite this distinction, adrenal crises can happen in all forms of adrenal insufficiency.[1] Addison's disease is generally diagnosed by blood tests, urine tests, and medical imaging.[1]

Addison's disease can be described in association with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, acquired hypoparathyroidism, diabetes mellitus, pernicious anemia, hypogonadism, chronic and active hepatitis, malabsorption, immunoglobulin abnormalities, alopecia, vitiligo, spontaneous myxedema, Graves' disease, and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis.[7]

Treatment involves replacing the absent hormones.[1] This involves taking a synthetic corticosteroid, such as hydrocortisone or fludrocortisone.[1][2] These medications are usually taken by mouth.[1] Lifelong, continuous steroid replacement therapy is required, with regular follow-up treatment and monitoring for other health problems.[8] A high-salt diet may also be useful in some people.[1] If symptoms worsen, an injection of corticosteroid is recommended and people should carry a dose with them.[1] Often, large amounts of intravenous fluids with the sugar dextrose are also required.[1] Without treatment, an adrenal crisis can result in death.[1]

Addison's disease affects about 0.9 to 1.4 per 10,000 people in the developed world.[1][3] It occurs most frequently in middle-aged females.[1] Secondary adrenal insufficiency is more prevalent.[3] Long-term outcomes with treatment are typically favorable.[9] It is named after Thomas Addison, a graduate of the University of Edinburgh Medical School, who first described the condition in 1855.[10] The adjective "addisonian" is used to describe features of the condition, as well as people with Addison's disease.[11]

[paulaswaim]

My little dog has this disease. She's 9.75 pounds / 4.423 kg. She takes prednisone 0.5 mg every 12 hours plus a Zycortal injection every 4 weeks. She's like she was never sick! Her symptoms were that she just lost her appetite and then finally wouldn't eat at all. The vet did a test specifically for Addison's and she was a textbook case. Now she has an excellent appetite and is very happy and healthy again.

[denis_ursu]

Nice and i love every video you create

[timsimmons]

I was diagnosed late 2021 from being treated with Keytruda for Melanoma cancer. I had an adrenal crisis where my blood sugar went to 20. Was in CCU for 2 wks and from all the testing is when I was diagnosed. I’m taking 40mg of hydrocortisone each day. I have had 3 other crisis since I was diagnosed

[卂丂爪卂丂乇尺]

Creating is so awesome and clearly understanding it.
Thanks...

[SandraKeyzer]

Are there any other things that can couse this ? I had "Addisons" about 4 to 5 months after I gave birth to my firstborn. They did al kind of tests in the hospital(atch, mri, echo) But they never found what the couse was.
After 4 years I got pregnant again, gave birth and after a year or so, still taking medication, I got the feeling of "things" following me around, drove me crazy. Went for a check up, cortisol to high. Had to slowly stop taking my medicine, never took them again except when feeling a bit week. Still have the medicine but haven't taking them in years.
Never got an explanation on what coused it. Because they could not find anything that could be the cause.
Had headache's, verry sore body, realy tired and a lot of weightloss.

[csgoonly]

i dont know if i have it because over a year i have weak legs and tremors, when i got emotional my body goes weaker and dont react like it was before, i feel like my emotions are wrong, i did t4, brain scan, lumbar spine scan everything was ok

[sarahbell]

As a t1d unfortunately my blood sugar runs high but i have had unexplained times where i cant keep my blood sugar up

[KrystleIrvin-qwep]

I had my A1C tested because i had dark cresses on my neck or i would have never known

[appalachiangirl]

And when you have three autoimmune to disorders and masses on each adrenal glan>
above the kidneys-waiting on answers- anyone else dealing with this; 🙏

[JustwaitNwatch-w]

I pray to god i don't have this disease 🙏🥲

[MarxIsDeadAndRotting]

Isn't this pretty much just a rebranding of AIDs?