Transistors Part 1. How Transistors Work - Circuits & Components for Beginners. #053

Learn Electronics Repair #053
Transistors Part 1. How Transistors Work

In this video we look at Bipolar Transistors. How do they work? What are the different types of Bipolar Transistor? What do Transistors look like? How to understand Transistor Data Sheets and specifications?

All these questions and more are answered in this first installment about Transistors

You can watch Parts 2 & 3 here
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TEST METERS
ANENG AN8009 MULITIMETER
KAIWEETS HT118E MULTIMETER
VC480C+ MILLIOHM METER
MESR-100 ESR METER
XC6013L CAPACITOR METER

TM-902C TEMPERATURE METER
LCR-T4 COMPONENT ANALYZER
FNB58 USB ANALYZER
PCI POST ANALYZER
TL460S PLUS PCI_E ANALYZER
TOOLTOP ET120MC2 SCOPE
FNIRSI 1014D SCOPE
NPS3010W 30V 10A PSU
T12 STATION WITH M8 9501 HANDLE
M8 9501 HANDLE
YIHUA 982 Soldering Station C210/C245
FNIRSI HS-02 PORTABLE SOLDERING C210/C245
QUICK 861DW
PROS'KIT SS-331H

INFIRAY P2 PRO IR CAMERA + MACRO LENS
TOOLTOP ET13S THERMAL CAMERA METER
ET13S MACRO LENS
OPTICAL MICROSCOPE
TOMLOV TM4K AF FLEX
TL866 II+ PROGRAMMER
CH341 PROGRAMMER
NC-559-ASM FLUX

DESOLDER BRAID (I use size 8045)
HX-T100 SOLDER (0.6MM)
ESD-11 TWEEZERS

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Thank you
Richard

[midnightrizer]

You explained in 12 minutes what took weeks /several months in the 80's to learn from books. because they started from the electron and hole view of crystals and impurities. By the way to think of holes moving think of a row of seats in a movie house. it is harder to understand why there was a whole book listing hundreds and thousand different types of transistors.

[Monaco-BuilditFixitDriveitEver]

Your production value is much better now. :)

[andrewsmith]

What a brilliant explantion of how a transister works. Interestingly the GPO used a Negative battery (In other words the negative was the fused conductor and the positive was earth) In telephone exchanges the Blue taped busbar was negative while the positive was an unisulated busbar. When wirig a a battery string the fused negative would be blue and the earthed positive would be black. There is a positive charge concentrated at the center of the atom (The nucleas) with electrons (negatively charged particles) swarming around this nucleus. So electrons are actually negatively charged particles.

[nemonemo]

@11:45: I believe you could draw a PNP transistor with water pipes. You would draw emitter on top, collector bottom (switched with regards with your NPN model). Then connect the base pipe *above* the emitter/collector valve, so water could flow from the emitter through the base, but first the base pipe exit is closed. Now, when you open the base output towards the lower pressure, the base valve opens the emitter/collector valve, very similar to the NPN type. Would be about right, or am I wrong? Thanks for your very helpful series.

[easyspeak]

Thanks, good quality instruction. hFE dc current gain to compare hfe ac gain sometimes quoted if I remember correct. But 1983 so might be different now.

[mixerD-]

How's it going mate?
I only discovered your channel a couple of days ago and Im learning bucket loads off it...fair dues to ya it's appreciated.
Talk about a beautiful place to live..The Canaries😯😯... thanks a million and all the best.👍👍😀

[pantelis]

Awesome video, so if I understand it right in the case on an PNP transistor the -0.7 volt is always in compare withe the emitter volt . Let's assume that the emitter has 12 volts my base volt should be 11, 3V right ?
Last but not least according to this way of transistor operation, it is impossible that the base will function with a negative, (-) as example ground to a car chassis. The base must always receive a plus volt, is that right ? Thanks a lot in advance. 😊

[gzhlon]

Great, better than my undergrad course in electronics! BTW where is your accent from?

[hgitxbh]

You may want to use vacuum instead of water for the PNP transistor and flip the valve on the base pipe.

[AB-yutj]

Thank you for all this.. have question.. What does the load connects to?

[janakapriyadarshana]

Hi Mr.Richard
I need to clear myself about the current flow and voltage flow...
Please correct me if I am wrong. (I need the latest update of it)
I hope..
Voltage flows from negative to positive.
Current flows from positive to negative...
I need to clear what actully happens