Transistors - NPN & PNP - Basic Introduction

This electronics video tutorial provides a basic introduction into NPN and PNP transistors which are known as BJTs or Bipolar Junction Transistors. This video discusses the 3 operating regions of a transistor - the cutoff, active, and saturation region. It also explains how the transistors act as switches and how to determine the current and voltages in a transistor base bias circuit.

BJT Transistors - Electronic Switches:

Night Activated LDR Sensor Circuit:

Finding The DC Load Line & Q-Point:

Voltage Divider Bias Circuit:

Collector Feedback Bias Circuit:

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Emitter Feedback Bias Circuit:

Common Emitter Amplifier:

Common Collector & Base Amplifier:

Darlington Pair & Beta Current Gain:

Class A, AB, B, & C Amplifier Circuits:

Voltage Gain of Transistor Amplifier:

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Multistage Transistor Amplifier Circuit:

Transistor Audio Mixer Circuit:

Operational Amplifiers:

Summing Amplifiers:

LM386 Audio Amplifier:

LC Oscillator Tank Circuit:

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Final Exams and Video Playlists:

Full-Length Videos and Worksheets:

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[claude]

Gerat video. I'd like to comment on the saturation region of operation mentioned at 16:54 and 28:29. Rc must be large enough and Vc must be low enough so that Vb > Vc, and the base - collector PN junction for this NPN transistor becomes foward biased. So, in my mind, saturation is not just any old Vcc / Rc or just the max current of the circuit. It's Vcc / Rc if (and only if) Vb > Vc. In other words, the base-collector junction must be forward biased to have the transistor operate in the saturation region.

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