Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Pathophysiology

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[chickenlegchronicles]

I don't know what is more impressive you knowledge or your art skills. Thanks for all the help!

[lessa]

I'm in nursing school and I appreciated you showing where the symptoms came from within the kidney. It really helped me visualize where the problems were and why those s/s would be appearing. Thanks!

[vwzdjpd]

I'm a nephrologist. I did enjoy this video.

[mariannelihos]

Thanks, I am 70 and wish I knew this when I was 20.

[apiwebobe]

I'm a final year medical student in South Africa, I just wanna say how helpful these are. The schematics, the classification of the different aetiologies, everything.
Really great!

[NursingSOS]

Thanks so much for drawing all of this out! It helps so much to see it visually! :)

[mandamorris]

Information I really needed to know and understand. I'm a lifelong kidney ailment sufferer, and now am stage 4 with a very recent diagnosis of diabetes. Thank you for your explanation and charting. I needed to hear this!

[tariqsultani]

I AM PAKISTANI . Eventhough  i cannot understand English but your teaching method and language is very simple that a person like me can understand easily what you want to teach. thank you much . GOD bless you .

[mntol]

very big thank u, you are helping too many students having major problems with studying from books

[renathurmondrozell]

I’m a former student of Malcolm X College I received my degree in Dialysis. I truly love/enjoyed your lecture., l felt as though I was back in classes.
Thank you for sharing your time and knowledge. Excellent Thank you.

[Peanut]

wow, I finally understand CKD pathophys!!! and all I had to do was watch a 15 minute video! Armando thank you so much for what you do. I have been watching your videos since I took endocrinology a couple semesters ago and ALL thanks to you I passed lol thank you for what you do!!! you are much appreciated by many :)

[drastichaudhari]

Amazing!!! seriously I wouldn''t have figured this out by just reading my professors lecture notes and the textbook! TYSM

[haleyb]

Thank you for making my nursing patho map 500x easier. You made something super complex so much easier to understand!!

[MichaelsUgly]

renal failure -> cant excrete Na -> hypernaturemia
CKD and renal failure can cause either hyper or hyponaturemia
Inability to excrete water -> edema, pulm edema
increased urea -> vomit
increase phosphate -> skin itching, bone damage
-> decreased Ca -> muscle cramps
increased potassium -> abnormal heart rhythms, muscle paralysis
decreased EPO -> anemia -> weakness
damage -> nephrotic -> decrease albumin -> edema

[medicalpanorama]

You are a great teacher! I like to add two things here. 1. In practice, especially in hospital, the most common cause for acute renal failure is renal hypoperfusion, that’s the reason doctors often start IV normal saline treatment for renal deficiency empirically unless it’s absolutely contraindicated. 2. Ace inhibitors are great drugs that are often used in renal failure patients unless the renal failure is very severe, the reason is that ace inhibitors are proven beneficial for cardiovascular system and for renal to a less degree. Many drugs are renal toxic, but we have to use them because we have to persevere cardiovascular system first, but adequate hydration can ameliorate the renal toxic part of drug.

[jasminesalahuddin]

when there is decrease in GFR, increase in sodium and water retention which leads to increase BP and peripheral edema

decrease in GFR, causes hyperkalemia, muscle weakness and cramps. loss of nephrons leads to decrease in renin production, decrease in aldosterone, which the disnal sodium potassium pump does not work

[conniemw]

I love how you go from point A to point B. This makes it easy to follow. I watched almost all the videos before I read the textbook to make it easier for me to understand. PN student here. Thank you.

[juliegale]

Thank you don't know all the words, non medic, but now have an understanding of kidney disease.

[anamariavidovic]

Thank you so much! This video is better than any book because it explains the most important things pretty simple. Medical books are often too detailed or have bad explanations and students are often lost in details and don't understand the point and pathophysiology of main diseases.

[branghuthutagalung]

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) or chronic kidney failure (CRF) is a condition when kidney function gradually decreases due to kidney damage. Medically, chronic renal failure is defined as a decrease in the rate of filtering or filtration of the kidneys. The kidneys filter waste and excess fluid from the blood before they are excreted through urine. Every day, both kidneys filter about 120-150 liters of blood, and produce about 1-2 liters of urine.

Apart from filtering out waste and excess fluid, other important kidney functions in the body include:

- Produces the enzyme renin which keeps blood pressure and salt levels in the body normal.

- Make the hormone erythropoietin which stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells.

- Producing vitamin D in an active form that maintains bone health.

Symptoms of chronic kidney failure often appear when it is in an advanced stage. These symptoms include:

- The appearance of blood in the urine.
- Swelling of the legs.
- Uncontrolled high blood pressure.
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