Fast rupture of the 2018 Mw 7.5 Palu earthquake

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Presented by Dr. Pablo Ampuero
Presented on February 27, 2019
  1. IRIS Earthquake Science
  2. IRIS
  3. Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology
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0:00 Introduction
3:25 1.Tectonic background
7:33 2.Observations overview
8.12 2.1.Remote sensing
9:50 Interesting observations (Figure 1a, b)
12:30 2.2.Teleseismic (Ear analogy)
14:00 Seismic array
16:00 Moving source imaged by the dense seismic array
17:06 Back projection method
18:45 Challenges - crustal heterogeneities cause scattering, limiting frequency and resolution
19:19 Challenges - fast-moving sources, multiple sources, 'swimming' artefacts
20:30 Slowness-enhanced back-projection (Figure 2)
22:38 2.2.1.Back-projection rupture speed
24:25 Paper (Figure 1c) Animation
27:26 2.2.2.Surface wave Mach cone
30:05 Mach cone background
31:00 Mach cone explanation
31:50 Source time function for sub-Rayleigh earthquakes
32:55 Delta function for supershear earthquakes
35:00 Comparing waveforms of small foreshock and the main shock (Figures 3, 4)
36:21 Teleseismic observations of rupture speed
36:54 3.Dynamic model of supershear rupture
37:09 Mw vs rupture speed plot
42:00 Fault geometry vs rupture speed - rough geometry but early supershear
42:58 Fault damage zone
43:30 Trapped p-wave movie - trapped energy boosts rupture speed
45:52 4.Implications of supershear to ground impact
48:28 5.Summary and open questions
50:00 Q&A

ouqi
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According to the presentation, the damage zone slows down the S waves. Then, the supershear is not a fast rupture, the point is that S waves are slowest than it?

elpepe