Acute Inflammation (Part-2): Pathology Hindi Lecture

𝐒𝐮𝐛𝐬𝐜𝐫𝐢𝐛𝐞 𝗙𝐨𝐫 𝗠𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝗜𝐧𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐧 𝗛𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐡 👩‍⚕‍ 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝗠𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐧𝐞💉🩺💊

Acute Inflammation -
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Acute inflammation is the body's immediate response to injury or infection. It is a complex biological process that involves various cells, signaling molecules, and changes in blood flow, all aimed at eliminating the initial cause of cell injury, clearing out damaged tissues, and establishing a repair process.
Key Features of Acute Inflammation 🔑
Rapid Onset:
Acute inflammation occurs quickly after an injury or infection, often within minutes to hours.
Short Duration:
It typically lasts for a few days and resolves once the underlying cause is eliminated.
Characterized by:
Redness (rubor)
Heat (calor)
Swelling (tumor)
Pain (dolor)
Loss of function (functio laesa)
Stages of Acute Inflammation 🔄
Vascular Response:
Vasodilation: Blood vessels widen, increasing blood flow to the affected area, leading to redness and heat.
Increased Permeability: Blood vessels become more permeable, allowing proteins and fluid to leak into the tissues, causing swelling.
Cellular Response:
Leukocyte Recruitment: White blood cells, particularly neutrophils, migrate to the site of injury or infection.
Phagocytosis: Neutrophils and macrophages engulf and digest pathogens, debris, and dead cells.
Chemical Mediators:
Various substances, such as histamines, prostaglandins, and cytokines, are released to coordinate the inflammatory response and attract more immune cells.
Causes of Acute Inflammation ⚠️
Infections: Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can trigger inflammation.
Tissue Injury: Physical trauma, chemical exposure, or burns can lead to acute inflammation.
Allergic Reactions: Exposure to allergens can provoke an inflammatory response.
Clinical Signs of Acute Inflammation 🏥
Localized Symptoms: Swelling, redness, warmth, and tenderness at the injury site.
Systemic Symptoms: Fever, malaise, and fatigue due to the release of inflammatory mediators into the bloodstream.
Treatment Approaches 💊
Rest and Immobilization: Helps to minimize movement and further injury to the inflamed area.
Ice Therapy: Reduces swelling and numbs the pain.
Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce inflammation and pain.
Corticosteroids: In some cases, corticosteroids may be prescribed to suppress severe inflammatory responses.
Conclusion
Acute inflammation is a critical defense mechanism that protects the body from harm. Understanding its processes and effects can aid in the effective management of inflammatory conditions and promote healing.

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