How did the Victorians waterproof wooden ships?

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[dryaleah]

Oakum was (& still is) also used with cast iron "Bell & Spigot" sewer pipes.
One end of each pipe is flared (the Bell) & the straight end (the Spigot) of the next pipe fits inside that flare.
Then oakum is pounded into the airspace between the 2 pipes. After that a sealer is poured in to fill up that space.
Prior to 1956 that sealer was often melted lead so take caution when working with such pipes.
PS, the Bell ALWAYS goes in the uphill direction & the Spigot points downhill.

[johnpauljones]

It also made sure their boats would go up in an amazing blaze if even the tiniest fire got to the pitch.

[Dmfd]

TIL most ancient sailors had 3 fingers and a thumb. Nice!

[spidey]

Filifino fishermen used coconut fiber .they filled any small hole