Structure of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Viruses)

Structure of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Viruses)

HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, has a complex structure. It's a retrovirus, meaning it uses RNA as its genetic material. The virus is enveloped, surrounded by a lipid membrane stolen from the host cell during the budding process.

HIV has two copies of single-stranded RNA as its genetic material. Within the virus particle, you'll find enzymes like reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease, each playing a crucial role in the virus's life cycle.

The viral envelope contains glycoproteins, including gp120 and gp41, which are essential for the virus to attach and fuse with the host cell. The virus primarily targets CD4-positive T cells, a key component of the immune system.

Understanding the structure of HIV is crucial for developing strategies to combat its infection and progression to AIDS.

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