How DNA is Packaged (Advanced)

Each chromosome consists of one continuous thread-like molecule of DNA coiled tightly around proteins, and contains a portion of the 6,400,000,000 basepairs (DNA building blocks) that make up your DNA.
TRANSCRIPT: In this animation we'll see the remarkable way our DNA is tightly packed up to fit into the nucleus of every cell. The process starts with assembly of a nucleosome, which is formed when eight separate histone protein subunits attach to the DNA molecule. The combined tight loop of DNA and protein is the nucleosome. Six nucleosomes are coiled together and these then stack on top of each other. The end result is a fiber of packed nucleosomes known as chromatin. This structure, is then looped and further packaged using other proteins (which are not shown here) to give the final "chromosomal" shapes. It is this remarkable multiple folding which allows six feet of DNA to fit into the nucleus of each cell in our body. And a typical cell nucleus is so small that ten thousand could fit on the tip of a needle. It is important to realize that chromosomes are not always present, they form only when cells are dividing. At other times, as we can see here at the end of cell division, our DNA becomes less highly organized.)

[DNALearningCenter]

Visit us in Cold Spring Harbor, Brooklyn, or Sleepy Hollow!

[TheGreenLing]

Summary: DNA is wound around Histones, (like a bead bracelet). Packed into a group of 8 histones known as a nucleosome. Multiple nucleosomes stack on top of each other. The end result is a fiber of chromatin. This chromatin is then looped and further wound and packaged. Think of a rope made of hundreds of strands that is chromatin and the rope is the chromosome.

[mc]

I love the tiny fast movements of the molecules, it gives the animation so much realism.

[KeysInSofa]

This video is extremely helpful. It was the exact point between dna and chromosomes that was so blurry for me. Thanks a lot.

[vnnyboy]

this is by far the coolest thing I've ever seen in my life (Apart from DNA transcription of course... )

[anotheroldytaccount]

I think if we all ignore that we need to know this for our future test or whatever (atleast thats what I'm here for) it helps to see how amazing this actually is

[MiraByler]

Thanks for the video. This has been very helpful to me in preparing for my genetics exam! :)

[oxford_phd]

What complexity, I'm breathless right now!

[kayo]

audio: * highly interesting explanation *
DNA: * dancing and trying to squeeze together for the sake of the cell *

[Garebare]

Your voice is so comforting. I don't know why.

[NSNewcomeR]

You just summarized 1 whole chapter in my AP Bio textbook

[youiable]

Wow you just answered like 10 question off my homework!!
Great vid

[suiyru_san]

this is very good animation, it really helped me picture each term and what structure it corresponds to thanks

[irk]

this is a phenomenal video! Its much better than my molecular bio textbook!!! Thank you!

[joanaborgespinto]

Just to clarify something many people have questions about: DNA has repetitive sequences known as telomeres, which are located at the end of chromosomes. During cell division, these telomeres help to ensure that the chromosomes separate properly by acting as a protective cap that prevents the loss of important genetic information. When cells divide, the telomeres shorten, which has been linked to cellular aging and the eventual loss of the ability to divide. There is scientific evidence to support this and it is widely accepted in the field of biology.

Here are a few sources that support these claims:

"Telomeres and Telomerase: The Means to the End" (National Cancer Institute)
"Telomeres, telomerase and cancer" (Nature Reviews Cancer)
"The role of telomeres and telomerase in cancer" (Nature Reviews Cancer)
These are reputable scientific journals and articles that provide a more in-depth examination of the topic.

[SeanSkyhawk]

I remember when this animation was played during class, we lold when the histone piece rammed head onto the DNA strand

[Ench]

omg ppl here are so old
This is the vid I was searching for tysm

[rko]

“You made all the delicate, inner parts of my body and knit me together in my mother’s womb.”
‭‭Psalms‬ ‭139:13‬ ‭NLT‬‬

[izgit]

This video has very nice graphics and this helps me to understand

[youngmacdonald]

+mizzKarenbabii DNA (~170bp) is wrapped (two complete turns) around an octamer (formed by 8 histones) to form a nucleosome. Nucleosome, along with the linker DNA, are arranged and packed in a zigzag fashion to form 30nm fibre. These fibres are then further condensed/ supercoiled to form chromatin.

I hope that helps. :) cheers