Nuclear Physicist Reacts - Chernobyl Episode 4 - The Happiness of All Mankind

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Nuclear Physicist Reacts - Chernobyl Episode 4 - The Happiness of All Mankind

In this video, Nuclear Physicist Reacts - Chernobyl Episode 4 - The Happiness of All Mankind. I go through Chernobyl Episode 4 - The Happiness of All Mankind and look through what is accurate information on Chernobyl Episode 4 - The Happiness of All Mankind about nuclear power plants, radioactivity, and nuclear Physics and react to it.

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[YourFriendlyNuclearPhysicist]

Hey guys, it’s been a while! Buuut I am baaaack! Happy to be filming again and mingling with y’all!

Let me if you enjoyed this and what series/movies you’d want me to react to next. ☢️👩🏽‍🔬

[Val-uwlw]

ulana khomyuk is a fictional character meant to represent a whole group of scientists who worked on the problem. That's why she's not sent to vienna in the show :)

[Manny.]

What you mention at 13:23 that they were sending Legasov to Vienna instead of Ulana is that Ulana Khomyuk never existed. She's a fictional character that represented a group of scientists that worked with Legasov in the real event.

[ost]

I died when she said she’d name the roof tops after the people responsible and call the worst one Dyatlov! 😂

[swokatsamsiyu]

Without trying to spoil the last episode, those "graphite tips" actually are an integral part of what makes the RBMK work. In reality they were not tips, but 4, 5 meter long displacers. The boron part was 6.2 meter in length. When the boron part of the control rod is removed from the technological channel, water now fills the empty space where the control rod used to be. Water can both be a moderator and a neutron poison. In the RBMK it solely acts as a neutron poison because the graphite is doing all the moderation. Ergo, you replace one neutron poison, boron, with another, water. This will create a constant drag on reactor power and make for oneven fuel burn-up. To counteract this and to smooth out the neutron flux, they hung graphite displacers from the boron part via a telescope. When the boron part of the rod moves out of the core, the graphite moves in and sits in the middle with 1.25 meter water columns on either end. Under normal operating conditions this isn't necessarily a problem. However, during emergency conditions, OR when the operators push the reactor well outside its operating parameters this can, and will become a major hazard. When the control rods move back in, the graphite will cause a momentary spike in reactivity at the bottom of the core. Under normal conditions the control system can compensate for this momentary spike. Under emergency conditions, well...

After the accident a lot of changes and improvements were made to the RBMK, so that a similar accident cannot happen again. They gave it higher enrichment fuel (from the initial 1.8% to 2.4%) to combat the positive void coefficient. Systems are now interlocked so they cannot do to the reactor what they did to Unit 4. The operators receive much better training on how to properly run an RBMK, taking into account its weaknesses and unique behaviour under certain operating conditions.
They have also given the RBMK an additional extra Fast-acting Scram system (BAZ - быстродействующая аварийная защита) that will fully insert 24 control rods in less than 2.5 seconds, or in 7 seconds depending on the emergency signal triggered. And they're all boron, no graphite displacers. Source: Safety of RBMK reactors: Setting the technical Framework.

And it's good to have you back. Glad you're feeling better! Yes, you really want to watch the last episode. That is so extremely well done. There are a few minor mistakes, but overall they did a phenomenal job with it.

[sld]

The name of the contaminated areas...

One of the technicians named the areas after his three nieces. I wonder what kind of young lady "Masha" was.

[InderjeetSingh-imeh]

@12:53 One thing that the show does not mention but the accompanying podcast does is that she is a composite character. She represents many people into one character and that they did this to simplify the storytelling. Glad you're feeling better 👍

[jefftaylor]

I believe it was 90 seconds - 2 minutes once.

If I recall correctly, they gave them the choice between two minutes on the roof or a year in Afghanistan. I think for most of them the choice was easy.

[hellomadetScuffed]

Robots were efficient, and most of the roof was cleaned mechanically, not manually. The Joker also worked for some time before being mechanically blocked in a highly radioactive area. It took several hours to evacuate it. During that time the ionizing radiation depleted its batteries and fried its semiconductors. All of that was because too much atoms in critical areas became ions. Joker was actually quite well shielded, and unlike the HBO show depiction, they had a good idea of what radiation to expect. The problem is that it was better shielded against radiation from the top and sides than the bottom which is not ideal for cleaning a rooftop.

[kimemia_maina]

In the sport of cricket the jock strap was invented 100 years before the helmet. Same priorities

[Incognito_UA_]

Many of the same people repeatedly returned to the roof to remove all that graphite, in order not to risk the lives of their younger comrades

[Tonyblack]

Thank you for your insight! I think this is one of the most powerful episodes in the series.

[essaboselin]

Just a note, the female scientist didn't exist in real life. She's representing a whole slew of scientists who worked on the project. From a story perspective, it was simpler and more effective to round all those people into one character.

[michaelsommers]

The ruble was not exchangeable in 1986, so you can't really compare it to other currencies. The Soviet official rate, though, was about 1 SUR = 0.25 USD.

[braunXYZ]

For most liquidators it was a one-shot done thing. There were almost 600, 000 in total for this operation. It was the only thing the Soviets did remotely right in this incident. Spreading out the radiation as much as possible left a relatively small number of these workers exposed to seriously dangerous radiation levels. The average dose was around 12rem, which is quite reasonable all things considered. There however is an uncertainty. They might have forgotten to report a few thousand early workers, for which this actually wasn't the case and who probably died rather quickly.

That "Geiger counter" is a dosimeter. Looks like a DP-5V. Or I guess that's what it's supposed to be in the movie.

[Yassified]

15:00 Basically a good monthly wage in the USSR at time was 80-90 Rubles. So the 800 Rubles is around 10-8 month's worth of wages. At the time it probably seemed amazing to them, but given the health problems these men faced later in life it was probably not worth it. Not to mention the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety are some of the emotional effects that so many of them faced after.
But at least some former-soviet Republics have given free premium health care benefits for the liquidators.

For example we have one liquidator in my family and he has had so many health problems to the point where they even had to cut one of his legs off 10 years ago. And he has to take so many prescription drugs every day.

15:30 Oh and they actually interviewed that woman and she said that she didn't understand how serious it was. She just thought that he was badly burnt.

[sam]

I'm glad you got all better :D Amazing reaction as always, super interesting!

[saintuk]

Chernobyl: History of a Tragedy - anyone wishing to read or listen to the history, I thoroughly recommend. The mini TV Series really did focus on the human side of things, and it does it so well.

[JGHFunRun]

8:17 I remember an interesting fact about this time: they were given the option of 3 years on <the front of a war the USSR was fighting>, or 90 seconds shoveling at Chernobyl

[ForbiddTV]

Perhaps you aren't familiar with geiger counters. The sound effects used are that of a geiger counter and clearly indicate a MUCH lower radiation levels. I can make a geiger counter do that with mere radium. A geiger counter measures in mR and overloads in the R range. When the geiger-muller tube is saturated, the device no longer functions at all. Bottom line, a geiger counter would not even work on that rooftop, a radiological survey meter would be needed, and they do not make any noise.