Fermentation: Lactic Acid, Alcohol & Glycolysis

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This video compares the processes of aerobic cellular respiration, lactic acid fermentation, alcoholic fermentation and anaerobic respiration. It reviews glycolysis, which all four processes share, and then the special modifications.

Fermentation is a process that breaks down glucose or other sugars to form a limited amount of ATP without using an electron transport chain. It produces an end product such as lactic acid or ethanol and occurs when there is no oxygen or limited oxygen. Fermentation also regenerates the NAD+ needed to run Glycolysis, allowing the process to repeat and generating 2 ATP each time.

0:00-0:25 Introduction
0:26-0:58 Definitions of Respiration and Fermentation, Obligate vs Facultative Organisms
0:59-1:17 Definitions of Obligate Aerobes, Obligate Anaerobes and Facultative Anaerobes
1:17-1:27 Goal of Fermentation & Respiration
1:28-2:07 Substrate Level Phosphorylation & Oxidative Phosphorylation
2:07-2:32 Oxygen as the Final Electron Acceptor in Aerobic Respiration
2:33-2:47 Fermentation: A Solution in Low or No Oxygen Environments
2:47-4:24 Glycolysis Investment Phase
4:24-4:43 Glycolysis Payoff Phase
4:44-5:17 NADH and NAD+: Mobile Electron Carriers
5:17-5:55 Oxidation of NADH vs Reduction of NAD+
5:55-6:32 Fermentation Overview: A Strategy for Oxidation of NADH
6:32-7:16 Lactic Acid vs Alcoholic Fermentation Examples and Location
7:17-8:52 Lactic Acid Fermentation & The Cori Cycle
8:53-9:48 Alcoholic Fermentation
9:49-11:06 Anaerobic Respiration
11:06-13:38 Summary of Aerobic Respiration, Lactic Acid Fermentation, Alcoholic Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

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