History of the Phoenicians: The Maritime Superpowers of the Mediterranean

The Phoenicians were the maritime superpowers of the Mediterranean. Their culture flourished and was at its most powerful between 1500 and 332 BCE when Alexander the Great entered the region and decimated the cities and their populations, bringing to an end the maritime superpower. The Phoenicians were a number of independent city-states that shared the same culture in the modern-day regions of Syria, Lebanon, and Northern Israel. The Phoenician alphabet was the first alphabet and is the basis for many western alphabets today.

The Phoenicians are probably best known for their production of purple dye which was accomplished by its extraction from the murex shellfish, a sea creature that pretty much became extinct in the region due to the popularity of the colour. The production of the dye first began in Tyre during the Bronze Age, which is why it is known as Tyrian purple. Deposits of murex shells have been found on the outskirts of Sidon and Tyre, as well as at Phoenician colonies across the Mediterranean, including Carthage. Carthage began as a small hill community on the North African Coast which is now modern day Tunis and it's legendary founding of the city is dated to 814 BCE by the Phoenician Queen Elissa, better known as Queen Dido.

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— CHAPTERS —
0:00​ Introduction
0:55 Who Were the Phoenicians?
2:16 Phoenician Trade and Colonization
4:44 Phoenician Purple Dye
6:18 The History of Carthage and Queen Dido
8:07 Phoenician Art
10:09 Phoenician Religion
14:24 Outro

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History of the Etruscan Culture: the First Great Italian Civilization

— ATTRIBUTIONS —

The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:

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World History Encyclopedia

#phoenicians #thephoenicians #carthage #queendido

[WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Have you heard of Baalbek? How do you think they moved the monoliths? Let us know what you think!

[justamurse]

I’m not sure if you did this before or after my request for Phoenician history, but thanks either way :) 🇱🇧 🇱🇧

[craigminchin]

Excellent work as always! I always love the details that you provide in these videos. Both Carthage and Tyre are two cities that I would've loved to have seen prior to their destruction.

[shrikantapatra]

I really liked the video. I would suggest you to do one video on the common indo-european mythology. It would be really interesting 😄

[splinterdevilblood]

I have no idea how your videos popped up on my YouTube but I’ve subscribed and getting future notifications. I’m pretty sure I’m going to binge your channel videos. Cheers 🍻

[alexhage]

Alexander the Great loved Byblos but was angry at Tyre for rebelling but the Macedonians and Greeks always loved us and we have a deeper history all the way back to Cadmus, same with the romans.

[loydevan]

What does the cuneiform symbol mean in english in your titles logo?

[ryanbaker]

A video on the Canaanites or Ugarit would be really cool.

[alexhage]

The famous Tyrian purple is beautiful but don't forget about the Royal Blue (hyacinth purple) was just as beautiful

[blestelaudacieux]

الفنيقيبن العرب أول حضارة في شمال افريقيا وجنوب اروبا، وهم للابجدية والحضارية والعمران والكتابة والارقام وسكان الاصليين لي المغرب العربي الكبير وحتى جنوب اروبا. انهم اسلافنا القدماء العرب لدي قال هرودوت انهم من الجزيرة العربية ويتكلمون العربية واسامهم عربية وهم يقول اننا عرب..

[alexhage]

Qart hadashat is another Phoenician city in south Spain but Carthage is the main western settlement.. Typical westerners historical error. Fun facts : Phoenicians brought wine to the Gauls and the Gauls taught the Phoenicians how to refine gold.

[davidbarber]

Wait ... so Adonis of the Greeks was originally a Phonecian deity adopted wholesale

[Lucaslfm]

I'm sorry. My English is not very good.
It's said the phoenician expansion is between 11th and 6th century BCE. But they were most powerful between 1500 and 332 BCE ? I'm confused.

[mkhbh]

Carthage started as a Phoenician colony but it grew in importance fast making a distinctive culture and civilization independent from the small city of tyre. it deserves a series of videos honestly not just a small segment!

[siegfriedlechler]

The Sakar Phoenicians of Solomon.
Herodotus, described the Phoenicians as coming from the Gulf. Herodotus visited Tire in his time and was told that the city was 1300 years old, in 2750 BC. was built.
The Phoenicians, an originally red-skinned people of the Sidonian Canaanites, would be displaced by the Sea Peoples until they were dominant in Tire under the name Sakar. King Solomon of Israel acknowledged the Phoenicians as a brotherly people of Israel. The only peoples that could be considered as brother people of Israel were 1. the descendants of Hagar, the Ishmealtic Arabs, or 2., Arameans, the people of Rebekah, the wife of Isaac, or 3. the descendants of Kethura, Abraham's second wife.
Regarding 1. Hagar was an Egyptian and her descendants are referred to as Arabs by Solomon in AT., 2 Chronicles 9:14.
To 2. The Arameans are known as the ancestors of the Syrians and are mentioned in the OT. always referred to as such. Syrein was already under the administration of Israel during the lifetime of David the father of Solomon, they were a separate people from the Phoenocians,
To 3 . So only the descendants of the kethura can be considered brotherly people of the Phoenicians. The Phoenicians also had the name Sakar, which refers to the sun god Sagg with the title Kad. In fact, they also had the name Kaddad. The Phoenicians were Aryan sun worshipers, they called themselves Cheti and Kad. This sounds like Kathura the wife of Abraham.
The Phoenicians also had the name Fanku or Phoinix and Punic. They were Aryans and were referred to in the Indian Chronicles as Kuru-Panchalas, which is synonymous with
Aryan Phoenicians.🤠

[hanikaram]

no such thing as an Arab race, arab word came from the verb al ta'arib which means to conjugate like if you get a deck of cards and mixed two of hearts with ace of spades, Arab refers to different groups of mixed people forming a community each group is composed of a percentage of mixed races each group also has a different percentage of mixes than the other

[THomAs.H.P.]

Herodotus says that Phoenicians came from the Red sea, so the area of Syria Sidon and Tyre was not their homeland.

[alexhage]

🇱🇧 💜 Pray for our beautiful country, centuries of politics are tiring us (maybe pun intended) especially nowadays.

btw there is no modern israel, stop the genocide and illegal colonial expansion, since this is a history channel we clearly know those invaders have nothing to do with the ancient hebrews, biologically (genetics and anthropology) historically, religiously and territorially. They are one of the big factors for the stress of our modern Phoenicia. Even to be generous thats historically not the size of Israel from the Old testament and if they have the right to have that land after 2500years where is our Phoenicia where are our Phoenician cities in Sicily and Spain that I want to vacation too and have a "right to return".. See how delusional their logic is and thats just the tip of the iceberg with them but GOD the Messiah JESUS is on our side like He preached in Tyre and Sidon 🙏🏽🙏🏽

[FortyBlack]

So remember the story of Calibos and Perseus and Andromeda lol 😂😂😂 so people be covering up to much real shit and made their own culture out of something already established before you

[DrINSIGHT-difi]

Pheonicia = Lebanon + ouest Syria + Palestine. (Philistine) ( There is nothing whose name israel 11:42