Introduction to Arduino

In this video I introduce the Arduino platform, explain the pin configuration of the Arduino Uno, and what a bootloader is. I then proceed to demonstrate how to program the Arduino using the Arduino IDE and write and explain programs to switch a high power load on and off and to PWM drive a motor.

[manofmesopotamia]

dear sir, the video is great, from Iraq, I would like to say thank you so much for your efforts, and i wish if it is possible that you make a series of episodes on how to understand Arduino through projects

[maitlan]

It took me about 3 days to digest what you said in the video. These are the notes:

Arduino uses 5+ (Five Volts, or Five VCC)
There is a ‘Regulator’ that converts the power input (PWR) into 5 volts.
This Regulator can handle up to 20 volts, but 6+ is the minimum to get it working.

The Arduino can store the ‘Strings’ (A line of code such as a length of letters, numerals, symbols and punctuation marks) of a program within its memory.

You can use a 4 MHz external oscillator (Ceramic crystal Timer).

The two LED (Lights) named RX and TX will blink when Serial data is being transmitted through pins 0 and 1. There is another LED called the ‘L13’ which will blink when data is written to pin 13 (Serial Clock). This pin is part of the SPI for connecting other devices to the Arduino.

The ‘Reset Button’ will do a ‘Hard Reset’ that will cause the program to restart from the beginning of program Flash (Boot-loader).
The headers of the GPIO is not the normal 1.1 dot pitch like on a breadboard.
The first headers 0 (RX) and 1 (TX) are used by the USB to Serial interface. These need to be disconnected when programming the Arduino through the USB port.

Header 2 (INT-0) and 3 (INT-1) are ‘Interrupt pins’ which can be configured to trigger a piece of code when a signal is received through them. The ‘Interrupt handling routines’.

Headers 3 (INT-1) to 9 are PWM (Pulse Width Modulation). Pins 10 to 13 (SPI) are also PWM though. PWM can be configured to output an oscillated frequency as high as the internal clock will allow. A set frequency that turns the pin off and on combined with a set duty cycle that tells how long its off-time will be (Say 70% of one second), the voltage can be reduced without the need for additional resistors (These convert voltage into heat).

Pins 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), and 13 (SCK) make up the SPI. The next two pins on this side of the PCB are not numbered but are named GND and AREF (Analog Reference).

After that, are the I2C pins 18 (SDA) and 19 (SCC). The I2C is also on the other side of the PCB as headers A4 (SDA) and A5 (SCC), also called 18 and 19. The pins 14 to 17 are also on this side of the PCB and are labelled A0 to A3.

Headers A0 to A5 are ‘Analog’, so they can be configured to be either Digital or Analog inputs.

The 20 headers have a current tolerance of 40 mA

The Pin AREF (Analog Reference) can be configured to be between 0 to 5+. If for example, 4+ is supplied into this pin, than the headers A0 to A5 would read a voltage between 0 and 4+ as a value between 0 to 1024. This is because the analog input on the Arduino uses a ‘Analog-to-Digital-Converter’ with 10-bits of resolution (1024). If the AREF is not used, then this 10-bit value will be defined by the ‘logic level of the board’ which is 5+ volts. However, down to 2+ and the board will only read a value up to 512.

The I2C ‘Inter-Integrated Circuit’ or (I2C) is another protocol with a Serial bus that’s used by many different devices. Serial Data (SDA) and Serial Clock (SCC) allows 127 devices to be connected to the same bus at once. The I2C pins are available on both sides of the board as pins A4 or 18 (SDA) and A5 or 19 (SCC).

The AREF is supplied with a voltage that determines the upper-limit or what the highest voltage that the 1024 value represents. But the chipset must be informed through software that this is happening, otherwise there will be a conflict where the Internal Active Reference will be shorted (Lose power) to the External Reference of the AREF.

The SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is another way to connect devices to the Arduino.
The power pins are on the same side as the A0 to A5 pins. They are as follows: IO REF, RESET, 3.3V, 5V, GND, GND, and Vin.

IO REF allows a ‘Shield’ to know what logic level or Voltage the Arduino is operating at.

When RESET is given or pulled low ‘active low’ (Lower voltage signal), it resets the ‘Sketch’.

3.3 V provides this much voltage to external peripherals

The 5 V pin can be used to power the Arduino itself as an input or power an external device.

The ICSP allows you to program all 32 Kb of the Flash without needing a boot-loader, which programs the device. ‘Self-Programming Mode’ (SPM) allows the boot-loader to load a particular application from where the program is stored, usually from the USB port. Once the RESET button or pin is activated, then the Arduino restarts the boot-loader. If it detects a specific piece of code from the serial lines of the USB, then it will reprogram the Flash with the code from this input. If not, then the Sketch is run instead.

[PROMETHEUSXX-wr]

FANTASTIK JOB
its about time someone gave a thorough tutorial in a language I can understand. Very cool and enjoyable to listen to.
You need to make more videos and put them in a course.

[westCOpaintball]

This is the single most helpful video on the subject that I have watched so far.

[mitchmoe]

You just filled in several gaps I had about the Arduino.... Thanks mate!

[josephthapa]

Hello This is the ultimate stuff on Arduino . Keep it up ...

[jasonwright]

I really like how explain everything very simply, assuming I know nothing about the chip. This was very informative, and gave me a really good handle on the basics of the Arduino. thanks for the video! Also, great beard!

[SGOI_AUS]

soon as he said control your hydro or mushies i subscribe and hes also a clear and understanding teacher

[mfa]

Man you are AWESOME.. THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME

[janiwindsor]

Wow that was extremely helpful, thanks for it! I would like to see more ardunio videos from this guy he is really cool!

[agentbertram]

I have wanted to learn about the Arduino for a long time. If there is one thing that I have learned it's that I have fallen far behind since my days working in the HVAC controls industry. I shall follow your course with enthusiasm. Are you making another video?

[Drawfill]

I've been looking for a nice video introduction to the arduino and this one is REALLY good. I can't wait to start experimenting with it!

[kamesh]

Well explained, very informative. Thank you.

[jarrellestes]

GREAT KEEP IT UP. YOU HAVE A LITTLE DIFFERENT PROSPECTIVE THAN AMERICAN TECHS. LIKE YOUR INFO. THANKS!,

[gustavstreicher]

Great video! You were very thorough and I learned a few new things about electronics in the process.

[Burak-pljl]

Thanks for the very informative video. Great in-depth explanation!

[neerajpradhan]

its really interesting and awesome work very helpful for hardware engg who are dont know programming in my case its very help full thank you so much .

[dimitris.]

5:03 OCDs are triggered. Nice and simple video by the way thanks.

[jleadbetter]

New to this stuff and this was a nice little shallow dive into the Arduino.
I'm watching the bootloader section and wondering if there couldn't be another chip between the USB/Serial interface and the 328P that would take the place of the bootloader?

[ChrisArmstrong]

interesting video, ive had an interest in this controller for some time for control and operation of my Drones but im so impatient that I use the ready to run plug n play type up till now :) but I will be getting to this as soon as I can as im hoping to develop a 24/7hr UAV/Drone just to prove my ideas work (no wonder my company makes no money lol) as im far to interested in RnD.
Thanks again for the vid and keep producing vids
Regards
Chris Armstrong