Light reaction of Photosynthesis | Photosynthesis lecture 1

This lecture explains about light reaction of photosynthesis that involves the conversion of light energy into ATP.
Photosynthesis (Photoautotrophic nutrition)
Photosynthesis is the use of light energy to decompose water and to transfer hydrogen from it to carbon dioxide in the presence of photosynthetic pigment, i.e. chlorophyll. Through oxidation- reduction reactions, sugars is produced.
A. Significance of photosynthesis :
1. produce food fo r all the living organisms directly or indirectly
2. provide raw materials for building, or making other useful products, e.g. timber, furniture
3. balances the composition of atmospheric air by releasing oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from the air
4. formation of fossil fuels
B. Site of photosynthesis :
The major photosynthetic organ is the leaf. Its structure and function are closely related, i.e. the structure of the leaf is highly adapted to satisfy the process. Leaf anatomy in relation to photosynthesis :-
a) leaves are thin, flattened and with large area to volume ratio, so as to have maximum exposure to sunlight
b) chloroplast mostly found in palisade mesophyll in the upper layer of the leaves
c) possessing stomata for gases exchange, mainly in the lower surface for dicotyledonous plant
d) extensive system of intercellular space provide an internal atmosphere in
contact with large number of cells
e) the walls of the cells are saturated with water to dissolve and transport CO2
f) many small veins (with vascular bundles) bring a supply of water and minerals
salts from roots in the xylem and carry away the food produced in the phloem
g) a layer of transparent cuticle on upper and lower epidermis protects the leaf from desiccation and infection
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