How to debug your python code with the python debugger pdb

debugging is an essential part of the software development process, and python provides a built-in debugger called `pdb` (python debugger) that can be used to debug python code interactively. below is an informative tutorial on how to use `pdb` to debug your python code, complete with examples.

### what is pdb?

`pdb` is a module in python that provides a command-line interface for debugging python programs. it allows you to set breakpoints, step through your code, inspect variables, and evaluate expressions.

### setting up

to use `pdb`, you need to have python installed on your system. you can run `pdb` from the command line or even directly from your script.

### basic commands

here are some of the basic commands you can use in `pdb`:

- `h(elp)`: show help for pdb commands.
- `n(ext)`: execute the next line of code.
- `s(tep)`: step into a function call.
- `c(ontinue)`: continue execution until the next breakpoint.
- `b(reak)`: set a breakpoint at a specified line number.
- `p(rint)`: print the value of an expression.
- `l(ist)`: list the source code around the current line.
- `q(uit)`: quit the debugger.

### example code

### debugging with pdb

1. **import pdb**:
to use `pdb`, you need to import it into your script. you can set a breakpoint in your code where you want the execution to pause.

2. **run the script**:
execute the python script from your command line:



3. **interact with the debugger**:

- **list the code**: type `l` to see the code around the current line.
- **step into the function**: type `s` to step into the `if` statement.
- **continue execution**: type `c` to continue until the next breakpoint.
- **print a variable**: type `p n` to print the value of `n`.

4. **set additional breakpoints**:
you can set more ...

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