Preparation Of Sodium Hydroxide ( NaOH )

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Preparation Of Sodium Hydroxide ( NaOH ).

Preparation:

start by adding 20g of salt in 250ml of water and dissolve it then add it into the jar and place electrode in the jar. and also place the tube inside the beaker full of water because the electrolysis of water produce chlorine gas which is a highly poisonous gas so dont breath it.
procced the reaction for one hour then pour the solution of sodium hydroxide in beaker and it is ready use.
Hydrogen is produced at cathode:
2H2O+2e−⟶H2+2OH−
Chlorine is produced at the anode:
2Cl−→Cl2+2e−
Thus the overall reaction is
2H2O(l)+2Cl−(aq)→H2(g)+Cl2(g)+2OH−
Na+OH ⟶NaOH

Information

Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na⁺ and hydroxide anions OH.
Properties

Chemical formula: NaOH

Molar mass: 39.9971 g/mol

Appearance: White, hard (when pure), opaque crystals

Odor: odorless

Density: 2.13 g/cm3

Melting point: 323 °C (613 °F; 596 K)

Boiling point: 1,388 °C (2,530 °F; 1,661 K)

Solubility in water: 418 g/L (0 °C)
1000 g/L (25 °C)
3370 g/L (100 °C)

Solubility: soluble in glycerol
negligible in ammonia
insoluble in ether
slowly soluble in propylene glycol

Solubility in methanol: 238 g/L

Solubility in ethanol: 139 g/L

Vapor pressure: 2.4 kPa (at 20 °C)

Acidity (pKa): 15.7

Magnetic susceptibility (χ) −15.8·10−6 cm3/mol (aq.)

Refractive index (nD) 1.3576

how to make sodium hydroxide with electrolysis
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electrolysis of brine or salt

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