Pulmonary embolism, Causes, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment.

.

Chapters

0:00 Introduction
1:08 Causes of Pulmonary embolism
2:12 Symptoms of Pulmonary embolism
2:30 Diagnosis of Pulmonary embolism
3:!9 Treatment of Pulmonary embolism

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a blockage of an artery in the lungs by a substance that has moved from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream (embolism).[6] Symptoms of a PE may include shortness of breath, chest pain particularly upon breathing in, and coughing up blood.[1] Symptoms of a blood clot in the leg may also be present, such as a red, warm, swollen, and painful leg.[1] Signs of a PE include low blood oxygen levels, rapid breathing, rapid heart rate, and sometimes a mild fever.[11] Severe cases can lead to passing out, abnormally low blood pressure, and sudden death.[2]

PE usually results from a blood clot in the leg that travels to the lung.[6] The risk of blood clots is increased by cancer, prolonged bed rest, smoking, stroke, certain genetic conditions, estrogen-based medication, pregnancy, obesity, and after some types of surgery.[3] A small proportion of cases are due to the embolization of air, fat, or amniotic fluid.[12][13] Diagnosis is based on signs and symptoms in combination with test results.[4] If the risk is low, a blood test known as a D-dimer may rule out the condition.[4] Otherwise, a CT pulmonary angiography, lung ventilation/perfusion scan, or ultrasound of the legs may confirm the diagnosis.[4] Together, deep vein thrombosis and PE are known as venous thromboembolism (VTE).[14]

Efforts to prevent PE include beginning to move as soon as possible after surgery, lower leg exercises during periods of sitting, and the use of blood thinners after some types of surgery.[15] Treatment is with anticoagulants such as heparin, warfarin or one of the direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs).[5] These are recommended for at least three months.[5] Severe cases may require thrombolysis using medication such as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) given intravenously or through a catheter, and some may require surgery (a pulmonary thrombectomy).[16] If blood thinners are not appropriate, a temporary vena cava filter may be used.[16]

Pulmonary emboli affect about 430,000 people each year in Europe.[8] In the United States, between 300,000 and 600,000 cases occur each year,[6][7] which contribute to at least 40,000 deaths.[9] Rates are similar in males and females.[3] They become more common as people get older.[3]

[frankline]

Mum was suffering from this and was admitted in hospital and come here to see what she was facing

[Blossom]

I thought I was having a heart attack.. Dr's put me on Eliquis a blood thinner.. Still get that crushing feeling in my chest, lightheaded, sweating. They keep telling me its not my heart but heart problems run in my family..

[sajsultan]

Can surgergy on hand finger tendons
Surgery cause this ?

[Courtneyshole]

I was in for three days last year I really thought I was dying xxx

[misaelrivas]

How do i know if i have that, what type of Medical exams can be done in order to find out

[lpk]

I feel a shortness of breath, and I think its because I have been immobile foe two weeks please help. What should I do I'm scared

[pawanshankarpandey]

Whenever I took deep breath I felt pain slightly right side of the chest constantly..Am I suffering from THIS???

[MusaKhan-kobx]

My young sweet wife die of this diesea in age of 38 and leave my four child and me alon

[AugustTwentyNinth]

I'm 29 weeks pregnant and it's on the left Lung. I was told this dead clot has been there for a year and a half unnoticed. I will have to have an Early delivery and also have a surgery. I'm so scared of the pain In my lungs 🫁 it's the worst sharp pain I've ever experienced.

[Krista-rtww]

Blood disorder doctor wants me to see him I don’t know why??

[MrGeorgewf]

I was told the body dissolves the clot over time.

[Yoda-myry]

Can I do jogging and squats with small blood clot in lung

[Krista-rtww]

Probably just want to get more money out of Medicaid!😂