Gaia Hypothesis - James Lovelock

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James Ephraim Lovelock, is an independent scientist, environmentalist and futurist who lives in Dorset, England. He is best known for proposing the Gaia hypothesis, which he discusses in this exclusive interview, filmed in 2007.

The Gaia hypothesis, also known as Gaia theory or Gaia principle, proposes that organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings on Earth to form a self-regulating, complex system that contributes to maintaining the conditions for life on the planet. Topics of interest include how the biosphere and the evolution of life forms affect the stability of global temperature, ocean salinity, oxygen in the atmosphere and other environmental variables that affect the habitability of Earth.

The hypothesis, which is named after the Greek goddess Gaia, was formulated by the scientist James Lovelock and co-developed by the microbiologist Lynn Margulis in the 1970s. The hypothesis was initially criticised for being teleological and contradicting principles of natural selection, but later refinements resulted in ideas framed by the Gaia Hypothesis being used in fields such as Earth system science, biogeochemistry, systems ecology, and the emerging subject of geophysiology. Nevertheless, the Gaia hypothesis continues to attract criticism, and today many scientists consider it to be only weakly supported by, or at odds with, the available evidence. In 2006, the Geological Society of London awarded Lovelock the Wollaston Medal largely for his work on the Gaia theory.

Questions asked in this interview :

What does Gaia tell us about the Earth?
Is global warming really happening?
What would the climate be like without humans?
Has global warming ever happened before?
What can we expect to see in 20 to 30 years from now?
What will conditions be like at the end of this century?
Are there too many people on the planet?
When do you think global warming began?
Will global warming cause a mass extinction?
Can nuclear power save the planet?
What about the problem of nuclear waste?
Can nuclear power be used for transport?
Could renewable energy be the solution?
Do you think that we will ever be able to control our climate?
Can we realistically reduce carbon dioxide emissions?
Have we passed the tipping point?
Could Earth become as lifeless as Mars of Venus?
Is there any hope for the human race?
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R.I.P James Lovelock. He was a great guy that made something great.

youtufanreincarnation
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What frightens me is this great, humble, erudite, thoughtful man delivers his hellish vision with such simplicity yet no government or its ministers seem to be awake to listen to him. Even if they did, they last but a few years in power and think only of not rocking the boat. So, doing what we can seems futile if the world masters don't take bold steps immediately.

woodybuzzday
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What a dear old man. What a great and sad loss when, in his 103rd year, he left us a week or so ago (July 28th).

jeffryfoley
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What a wonderful man... knowledgeable and honest about reality which many ignore.

marykelly
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"In harmony with the Tao,
the sky is clear and spacious,
the earth is solid and full,
all creatures flourish together,
content with the way they are,
endlessly repeating themselves,
endlessly renewed.

When man interferes with the Tao,
the sky becomes filthy,
the earth becomes depleted,
the equilibrium crumbles,
creatures become extinct."
~ Lao Tzu

zeph
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Rest peacefully, James. Gaia thanks you greatly for this incredible vision.

pillarsoflight
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He is a realist, and perhaps people don't want to hear what he is saying, but we might as well consider his wisdom. He is about to be right.

mhchoudhurymd
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He's 98 years old now and still incredibly healthy and lucid. We should all be so fortunate. Of course, that also means he can be as apocalyptic as he wants and know that he will not live to see any of it :)

squamish
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Gobsmacked. I never would have expected to hear the father of GAIA supporting nuclear power.

Lovelock is such an impressive human being. Intellectually, spiritually. He’s someone you wish you knew, or better still to whom you were related.

christinearmington
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I'd be curious to know whether putting sulfur in the stratosphere would have any unintended negative consequences. Humans have a pattern of creating solutions to one problem that create a new problem.

CampingforCool
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Rest in peace, James Lovelock. I will forever remember the Gaia hypothesis and how it inspired SimEarth

timetochronicle
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its interesting to me that such an important and massive problem that can threaten billions of people has so few views on you tube.

rd
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I think the first great source of energy is conservation; by experience I worked on insulating and proper ventilating an old farmhouse, which now uses 1/5 of the heating energy it previously did, and we could have even doubled that success had we gone further. The addition of solar installations would lower energy demand even further, making it possible to switch to renewables for the remaining demand. Why not save the Uranium & Thorium for future space travel so we can plant/replant life & ourselves elsewhere?

chuckkottke
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Frankly, the superb human hypothesizes truths and theorizes desires.
This man, Mr. Lovelock conveys something pure. We are still making mistakes, with the human naturality, of course. Is time to wake up and clean out what think be our intelligence and not artificializate it.

abravenewworld
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I have always believed in Gaia. She is a living planet our home, our spaceship.  

ronusa
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All life is connected, we all agree. Its is anthropic perspective bias to separate into functional units. Order and self-sustainance are also perspective bias given that any chaotic system will be perceived as ordered if the ultimate observers are some resulting structures. It becomes a self-fullfiling prophecy.

minassakellakis
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Up until this point, I've heard about global warming in the media by young alarmist politicians who don't have any merits in science, so I've not been taking it very seriously. Politics can sometimes corrupt science education. But listening to a well-educated and renowned old scientist, who has probably over his lifetime noticed the effects first hand, is very convincing to me. Lovelock has changed my view over time as I've been indulging in his speeches lately. It's sad to hear about his passing, but he managed to live far beyond the life expectancy and was happy and coherent to the end, a feat most of us cannot accomplish. Rest in peace!

FLS
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I have followed climate science for a few decades and it is only at fifty I came to think about life on Earth and realise what Gaia means to Earth.

jk
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Massive temperature rise worldwide, forest fires, drought in Iran, Russia, Syria...how prophetically right this man is.

marktwain
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25.21 You see that lovely island approaching? I was born there. And you see that big ball rolling in the space? That's my home :)

VeganSemihCyprus