NASA SDO - M5.6 Solar Flare, July 2, 2012

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At 10:43 UT time on July 2, 2012 a M5.6-class solar flare erupted from Active Region 1515. It peaked at 10:52 UT.

A Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) accompanied the solar flare and hurled a cloud of plasma into Space. In the last segment it can be seen that part of the CME is being pulled back to the surface. It did not have the escape velocity of 384 miles per second needed to continue its journey.

In comparison; it takes 7 miles per second escape velocity to leave Earth.

Coronal rain has long been a mystery. It's not surprising that plasma should fall back to the Sun. After all, the sun's gravity is powerful.

Credit: NASA SDO
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It is not entirely the suns gravity that is causing that plasma to fall. Gravity contributes, but the major cause of acceleration is the reforming magnetic field. The flare itself is caused by a short duration magnetic dipole collapse. The dipole then reforms, and any plasma in the vicinity of the flux lines of force will get sucked back into the quickly reforming magnetic field. This is evidenced by the ejected material following the flux lines as it falls back to the surface.

shogunx