Immune System | Summary

The immune system has two main branches: the innate immune response and the adaptive immune response.
The innate immune response includes cells and mechanisms that are able to react to pathogens from birth. The adaptive immune system can learn and remember new pathogens and then protect from them long-term.
The innate immune system is composed of:
1. physical barriers such as mucous membranes and skin
2. chemical barriers such as lysozyme and stomach acid.
3. Complement is a group of small circulating chemicals that, when triggered, form a "membrane attack complex" that can punch holes in pathogen cell membranes.
The leukocytes that are involved in this response include:
*Granulocytes - neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils
*Agranulocytes - macrophages and dendritic cells, which can be phagocytic and present antigens from invaders to the adaptive immune response cells known as helper T cells.
*Lymphocytes - Natural killer cells (NK cells) can cause apoptosis of tumor cells and viral-infected cells.

The adaptive immune response includes T and B lymphocytes. These cells must be activated to a specific pathogen before they can respond.

Helper T cells stimulate cytotoxic T cells to directly destroy pathogens. Helper T cells stimulate B lymphocytes to enlarge into plasma cells and produce antibodies.

These lymphocytes all reproduce rapidly and form memory cells that remain circulating and passing through lymph organs long-term to patrol for the presence of the specific pathogen in the future.

All leukocytes are formed in the bone marrow in a process known as hematopoiesis.

[Lifegoalsme]

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[jessicaelliot]

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[anandeeshan]

I am in grade 11 and studying life science and i found this very helpful along with the flashcards. love the writing especially in colour

[chma]

you help my medical school life become much better, this is what I need, I’m so bad at summarizing and here you go♥️

[maitripatel]

Can you make more videos on the other systems!!! THis is THANKS I literally LOve you !!

[r.z.j.]

Thank you❤. You just saved another nursing life!😊

[eg]

I thought cytotoxic T cells killed infected body cells, not pathogens. pathogens themselves are killed by having antibodies stuck to them, which macrophages recognize, and this causes the macrophage to engulf the pathogen. Really nice and organized video though!

[rawdhabadhawi]

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[catsaresuperb]

For some reason I'm watching immune system videos for no reason. I'm not saying the videos I watched are bad. I just have no idea why I'm watching them.

[anuragtiwari]

Nice to see your knowledgeable video Thankyou

[lisaday]

Wow that was amazingly helpful !! Straight to the point but yet very descriptive!! Thank you!! You’re awesome!!

[binbinky]

Better than the osmosis presentation of the immune system ...thank you

[Sadeem]

You’re a lifesaver professor thank youuuu soo muchhh🥹🥹🙏🏻🍓🍓

[thomasstevenrothmbamd]

This is a very nice summary including well organized and nicely visually displayed with color coding. This brought back fond memories of my medical school lecture notes taken with my big, thick multi-colored pen.
Thank you for stimulating those joyful memories.

[kanguernoorani]

Bacteria flora on skin and gut also competitively inhibits pathogens, I think they also can be included in innate immunity .

[priscillampariwa]

This is the best teaching we need as students

[tonym]

Very well done as always, thanks so much! 👍👍. I love the way you explain the meaning of the words, it makes everything much more clear.

[dr.nouramajidallabban]

you have a very nice way to conclusion every ideas together and make them sense <3

[karmjeetkaur]

I had questions in teas that patient had wound on skin, when pathogen enter through wound and then which system will help to kill the pathogen
Immune system
Circulatory system
Integumentary system
Lymphatic system

[stormbytes]

Incredibly well presented summary! Really helps tie it all together. Thank you!