How is cancer treated? Main methods of cancer treatment

Oncological diseases are very common disorders (second only to cardiovascular diseases).

Cancer is characterized by the chaotic and continuous development of abnormal (cancerous) cells. These cells do not respond to the body's signals, thus upsetting the balance.

Cancer cells spread throughout the body, starting from a tumor, leading to a generalized form.

Cancer treatment methods are constantly being improved. For example, such treatments as immunotherapy and gene therapy are now being developed. These types of treatment complement classical treatment methods (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, surgery).

Surgery and radiotherapy are used for local cancer treatment, and chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy and gene therapy are used for the general treatment of oncological disorders.

Surgery is used in the treatment of cancer at the beginning of the disease in order to confirm the diagnosis or to completely or partially remove the affected organ or tumor.

Radiotherapy helps to get rid of cancer cells, but it can also harm neighboring healthy cells.

Chemotherapy for cancer uses drugs to target cancer cells throughout the body. Some cells (such as bone marrow cells) are particularly sensitive to this type of therapy.

Hormonal therapy targets the sources of sex hormone production in humans (the ovaries in women and the testicles in men). The fact is that breast and prostate tumors respond to hormonal fluctuations in the body. Blocking hormone production in the body reduces the development of breast cancer and prostate cancer.

Immunotherapy is characterized by the orientation of certain cells of the immune system to cancer cells.

Gene therapy is an innovative method of treating cancer. This type of treatment involves replacing or removing "problematic" genes, thus reducing the likelihood of certain types of cancer.

How to detect cancer in time?
There are various mechanisms for detecting cancer. Over time, it has become easier to detect cancer, and treatment is becoming more effective. Cancer prevention depends on each person. Most often, cancer occurs due to the patient's unhealthy lifestyle and behavior.

In order to reduce the risk of cancer, it is recommended to:
- quit smoking;
- avoid alcohol abuse;
- maintain a healthy diet;
- avoid prolonged and repeated exposure to solar radiation.

In order to increase the chances of successful treatment of oncological diseases, you should be attentive to the first signals (signs) of the disease.

For an accurate diagnosis, a doctor's consultation and some examinations are required.

Attention! This material is for informational purposes only. If you observe various unusual symptoms, it is recommended to consult a doctor!

Key points:

00:16 Leading causes of death in developed countries
00:38 What characterises cancer?
00:54 Cancer cells no longer respond to the body's rules and signals, which upsets its balance
01:11 What happens if cancer is left untreated?
01:35 What new cancer treatments are being developed?
01:59 What types of treatments are used for cancer depending on the patient's condition?
02:31 Surgery for cancer treatment
02:52 Radiotherapy as a method of treating oncological diseases
03:22 What does cancer chemotherapy consist of?
03:57 How does hormone therapy work in cancer treatment?
04:30 How does immunotherapy work for cancer?
04:49 Gene therapy is a promising method for treating cancer
05:07 How to detect cancer in time?
05:42 What steps can be taken to reduce the risk of cancer?
06:06 How to increase the chances of successful cancer treatment?

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