What Will Perseverance Rover Do on Mars (NASA’s Mars 2020 Mission)

This video explains top 4 critical missions of Preseverance Rover on Mars. Preseverance Rover which landed on Mars on Feb 18 2021 Is Nasa’s Most historic Mars mission till date. Lets see what will perseverance do on this Mars mission and why is it so important for Nasa and for our future.

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Chapters:
0:00 –Mars 2020 mission and Perseverance
0:46 – Mission 1 – Finding inhabitable environment
1:42 – Mission 2 – Looking for past / present Life on Mars
2:23 – Mission 3 – Perseverance to collect samples From Mars (Sample tubes & caching)
3:33 – Mission 4 – Prepare Mars for humans (Moxie)
4:40 – Conclusion
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References & Credits:

Special Thanks to : JPL- NASA / NASA

Mission 1.Explore for inhabitable Environment: Looking for past environments that were suitable for life is one of the main objectives of Perseverance. All past Rover missions and the Satellites orbiting the red planet have found clear evidence that the Martian plain was once rich with water bodies and was warm enough to offer a great climate, much similar to that of the Earth. Habitability factors are many, water is one of the main factors and other factors may include the presence of essential nutrients and metals, or presence of oxidants, or some common factors such as temperature, protection from UV, underground water, and presence of glaciers and so on. So Perseverance is in a mission to identify and collect more evidence on Mars environment that is capable of supporting life, which will be mainly focused around its landing site the Jezero Crater which was probably a lake 3.5 Billion years ago.

Mission 2: Looking for any signs of Life (Past or present): The existence of habitable conditions does not necessarily indicate the presence of life. The probability of finding any living organisms right now in this harsh environment seems to be close to none, but still, NASA and other scientists are positive about the fact that life existed on Mars at some point. As of today, Jezero Crater features a noticeable river delta that would have deposited many sediments over billions of years, which is more likely to preserve the trace of any living things of the past. Hence Exploring JeZero for fossils and similar elements becomes a critical mission for the Perseverance rover.

Mission No3 : Collecting Mars Samples:
As the rover roams around the red planet scientists identify a target of interest such as rocks, Percy will then initiate drilling to collect samples from it. Percy’s rotary drill penetrates about 5 centimeters into the target material to collect core samples. Samples that will weigh around 15 gms are then moved into a pre-cleaned tube and then sealed. Each sealed sample tubes are then placed in an onboard storage rack and the rover carries it until the mission team chooses a strategic location on the Martian surface to leave the tube. Anyways as many as 31 samples will be collected which may include rock cores, surface soil, and dust. A future mission by NASA in partnership with ESA is already being planned to bring back all those scattered samples from the Martian surface

Mission No 4 is to Prepare Mars for Humans:
Now on to the big question- when will humans land on Mars. SpaceX’s ambitious Mars mission, using the Starship spacecraft is already planning for a crewed mission by 2024 or by 2026. So it is very important to test and make use of Mars natural resources for life support and to make living and working easier for first humans on Mars.
For example, the Martian atmosphere is 96 % carbon-di-oxide, so perseverance will be testing a new technology for producing oxygen from the Martian atmosphere. And to do this they will use an instrument called Moxie. MOXIE will "breathe in" the CO2-rich atmosphere and "breathe out" a small amount of oxygen. Using Moxie, oxygen production rate is estimated to be around 10 gms/ hour. Sounds cool right!