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Your Body in Balance - Part 4 - Dr. Neal Barnard - Diabetes

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Part 4 - Diabetes
From the Book Your Body in Balance, by Dr. Neal Barnard
Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly known as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level over a prolonged period of time. Symptoms often include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Acute complications can include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or death. Serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, foot ulcers, damage to the nerves, and damage to the eyes.
Type 1: pancreas's failure to produce enough insulin due to loss of beta cells. The loss of beta cells is caused by an autoimmune response. The cause of this autoimmune response is unknown.
Type 2: diabetes begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. As the disease progresses, a lack of insulin may also develop. The most common cause is a combination of excessive body weight and insufficient exercise.
Gestational diabetes: occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood sugar levels.
Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding the use of tobacco. Control of blood pressure, maintaining proper foot care, and eye care are important for people with the disease. Type 1 diabetes must be managed with insulin injections.Type 2 diabetes may be treated with medications with or without insulin. Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar. Weight loss surgery in those with obesity is sometimes an effective measure in those with type 2 diabetes. Gestational diabetes usually resolves after the birth of the baby.
Seventh-day Adventist study.
Included over 60,000 participants
Diabetes was found in 2.9% of those following vegan diets
Average BMI was 23.5 km/m2
Your team decided to test a low fat vegan diet and people with diabetes
After 22 weeks,
conventional group, the A1C fell 0.4%.
vegan group fell by 1.2 %
The glycemic index (GI)
Number from 0 to 100 assigned to a food, with pure glucose arbitrarily given the value of 100, which represents the relative rise in the blood glucose level two hours after consuming that food. The GI of a specific food depends primarily on the quantity and type of carbohydrate it contains; but also is affected by the amount of entrapment of the carbohydrate molecules within the food, the fat and protein content of the food, the amount of organic acids (or their salts) in the food, and whether it is cooked and if so how it is cooked.
Simple substitutions
Instead of table sugar, have fruit
Instead of wheat bread, favor rye or pumpernickel
Instead of cold cereal, have old-fashioned oatmeal
Instead of white potatoes, eat sweet potatoes
Choose beans and pasta.
So what are some other additional tips to help us transition?
Bring raw foods into your diet
Include healthy carbohydrates (sweet potatoes, beans, fruit)
Look for recipes that will help you enjoy new foods
So what can we do to get the fat out of our diet?
1) Avoid animal products
2) keep oils to a minimum
3) Favor low glycemic index
Does living a plant-based lifestyle help someone with type I diabetes?
It will not eliminate the need for insulin, but helps 2 important ways
Reduce insulin requirements substantially
Protect your blood vessels
Also a plant-based diet may prevent type one diabetes
What do you mean a plant-based diet may prevent type one diabetes?
Study from the New England Journal of Medicine -
researchers have taken blood samples from 142 children with type I diabetes
They all hide antibodies to proteins in cow's milk
These antibodies were capable of attacking and destroying the insulin producing cells of the pancreas.
By breast-feeding and avoiding the use of animal milks, cuts the chances that this disease will occur.
Is there anything we should be concerned about for people who are diabetic?
Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
Not likely to occur if not on medications or only taking metformin.
How to protect yourself against hypoglycemia
1) let your healthcare provider know you're making a diet change - medications may need to be changed.
2) know the symptoms of hypoglycemia
3) Carry a glucose meter
4) Carry a snack to raise blood sugar
5) wear a medical identification bracelet
6) check your blood glucose during exercise
7) know that nighttime hypoglycemia can occur
Hypoglycemia
Also known as low blood sugar, is a fall in blood sugar to levels below normal. This may result in a variety of symptoms including clumsiness, trouble talking, confusion, loss of consciousness, seizures or death. A feeling of hunger, sweating, shakiness and weakness may also be present. Symptoms typically come on quickly.
From the Book Your Body in Balance, by Dr. Neal Barnard
Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly known as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level over a prolonged period of time. Symptoms often include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Acute complications can include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or death. Serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, foot ulcers, damage to the nerves, and damage to the eyes.
Type 1: pancreas's failure to produce enough insulin due to loss of beta cells. The loss of beta cells is caused by an autoimmune response. The cause of this autoimmune response is unknown.
Type 2: diabetes begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. As the disease progresses, a lack of insulin may also develop. The most common cause is a combination of excessive body weight and insufficient exercise.
Gestational diabetes: occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood sugar levels.
Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding the use of tobacco. Control of blood pressure, maintaining proper foot care, and eye care are important for people with the disease. Type 1 diabetes must be managed with insulin injections.Type 2 diabetes may be treated with medications with or without insulin. Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar. Weight loss surgery in those with obesity is sometimes an effective measure in those with type 2 diabetes. Gestational diabetes usually resolves after the birth of the baby.
Seventh-day Adventist study.
Included over 60,000 participants
Diabetes was found in 2.9% of those following vegan diets
Average BMI was 23.5 km/m2
Your team decided to test a low fat vegan diet and people with diabetes
After 22 weeks,
conventional group, the A1C fell 0.4%.
vegan group fell by 1.2 %
The glycemic index (GI)
Number from 0 to 100 assigned to a food, with pure glucose arbitrarily given the value of 100, which represents the relative rise in the blood glucose level two hours after consuming that food. The GI of a specific food depends primarily on the quantity and type of carbohydrate it contains; but also is affected by the amount of entrapment of the carbohydrate molecules within the food, the fat and protein content of the food, the amount of organic acids (or their salts) in the food, and whether it is cooked and if so how it is cooked.
Simple substitutions
Instead of table sugar, have fruit
Instead of wheat bread, favor rye or pumpernickel
Instead of cold cereal, have old-fashioned oatmeal
Instead of white potatoes, eat sweet potatoes
Choose beans and pasta.
So what are some other additional tips to help us transition?
Bring raw foods into your diet
Include healthy carbohydrates (sweet potatoes, beans, fruit)
Look for recipes that will help you enjoy new foods
So what can we do to get the fat out of our diet?
1) Avoid animal products
2) keep oils to a minimum
3) Favor low glycemic index
Does living a plant-based lifestyle help someone with type I diabetes?
It will not eliminate the need for insulin, but helps 2 important ways
Reduce insulin requirements substantially
Protect your blood vessels
Also a plant-based diet may prevent type one diabetes
What do you mean a plant-based diet may prevent type one diabetes?
Study from the New England Journal of Medicine -
researchers have taken blood samples from 142 children with type I diabetes
They all hide antibodies to proteins in cow's milk
These antibodies were capable of attacking and destroying the insulin producing cells of the pancreas.
By breast-feeding and avoiding the use of animal milks, cuts the chances that this disease will occur.
Is there anything we should be concerned about for people who are diabetic?
Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
Not likely to occur if not on medications or only taking metformin.
How to protect yourself against hypoglycemia
1) let your healthcare provider know you're making a diet change - medications may need to be changed.
2) know the symptoms of hypoglycemia
3) Carry a glucose meter
4) Carry a snack to raise blood sugar
5) wear a medical identification bracelet
6) check your blood glucose during exercise
7) know that nighttime hypoglycemia can occur
Hypoglycemia
Also known as low blood sugar, is a fall in blood sugar to levels below normal. This may result in a variety of symptoms including clumsiness, trouble talking, confusion, loss of consciousness, seizures or death. A feeling of hunger, sweating, shakiness and weakness may also be present. Symptoms typically come on quickly.