History of Russia – Lesson 4 – OLEG of Novgorod

The history of Russia continues with Prince Oleg of Novgorod.

Transcript:
According to the Primary Chronicle, Oleg was a relative (likely brother-in-law) of the first ruler, Rurik, and was entrusted by Rurik to take care of both his kingdom and his young son Igor. Oleg gradually took control of the Dnieper cities, seizing the power in Kiev by tricking and slaying Askold and Dir, and naming Kiev the capital of his newly created state Kievan Rus'. The new capital was a convenient place to launch a raid against Constantinople in 907.
 
 
In 883, Prince Oleg of Novgorod made the Drevlians pay tribute to Kiev. In 907, the Drevlians took part in the Kievan military campaign against the Eastern Roman Empire.
 
According to the chronicle, the Byzantines attempted to poison Oleg, but the Rus' leader demonstrated his oracular powers by refusing to drink the cup of poisoned wine. Having fixed his shield to the gate of the imperial capital, Oleg won a favourable trade treaty, which eventually was of great benefit to both nations. Although Byzantine sources did not record these hostilities, the text of the treaty survives in the Chronicle.
 
The Primary Chronicle's brief account of Oleg's life contrasts with other early sources, specifically the Novgorod First Chronicle, which states that Oleg was not related to Rurik, and was rather a Scandinavian client-prince who served as Igor's army commander. The Novgorod First Chronicle does not give the date of the commencement of Oleg's reign but dates his death to 922 rather than 912.
 
In the Primary Chronicle, Oleg is known as the Prophet (вещий), an epithet alluding to the sacred meaning of his Norse name ("priest"). According to the legend, romanticized by Alexander Pushkin in his ballad "The Song of the Wise Oleg," it was prophesied by the pagan priests (volkhvs) that Oleg would take death from his stallion.
To defy the prophecies, Oleg sent the horse away. Many years later he asked where his horse was, and was told it had died. He asked to see the remains and was taken to the place where the bones lay. When he touched the horse's skull with his boot a snake slithered from the skull and bit him. Oleg died, thus fulfilling the prophecy.

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[jaynorris]

What a wonderful series!! I am truly enjoying it. You are doing a brilliant job. Thank you very much.

[CHOMAD]

Omg.. I’m korean boy! 🇰🇷🇰🇷🇰🇷
I like your video 🙋🏻‍♂️❤️
And I love Russia 🇷🇺

[VS]

Fascinating. So if Oleg had believed in Slavic ways and accepted the prophecy, making peace with his death, THAT may have thwarted the prophecy. Another lesson: words are important! ("death from your stallion" vs. "your stallion will kill you") - so language lessons are important ;-)

[numenoreaneternity]

"The Primary Chronicle relates that in the year 6415, (907 AD) prince Oleg made a peace treaty with the Roman Emperor and by taking his men to the shrines and swearing by their weapons and by their god Perun, and by Volos, the god of cattle, they confirmed the treaty. We find the same form of confirmation of a peace treaty by Prince Igor in 945. In 980, when Prince Vladimir the Great came to the throne of Kyiv, he erected statues of five pagan gods in front of his palace which he soon thereafter discarded after his Christianization in 988. Perun was chief among these, represented with a silver head and a golden mustache. Vladimir's uncle Dobrinja also had a shrine of Perun established in his city of Novgorod. After the Christianization of Kievan Rus, this place became a monastery, which, quite remarkably, continued to bear the name of Perun." Your "Norse" Oleg swore by Perun and Veles, not Odin and Thor, and given that he's Rurik's brother, Rurik worshipped these gods as well.

[louzola]

I am enjoying these very much! So very interesting and History I never knew

[harryegden]

Highly interesting to follow. Piecing together events would be demanding work for archeologists.
History of Mesopotamia seems to have survived relatively well, I guess because of biblical overtones. Especially lately when archeologists have high-lighted Leviticus 25 about the write down of debt that can’t be paid . Lol

[eastwestknowledge]

If Russia and china survive before 2025 by containment of United states of America, then pakistan, Russia, china and Iran will the power of world.i gave many lec on Russia.i am researcher and teaching to bureaucratic of pakistan.

[georgejamesducas]

The Rus were Viking tribes that settled in Kiev as far back as 750 AD, 400 years before Moskva existed. Moskva were Finnish Urgic Tribes; Mosk means cow and Va water, which are Finnish names. There is no RUS there. The ethnic background of Moskva is Finnish-Urgic and Mongolian. The Rus developed the religion, city Kiev, alphabet, and had its saints. The founder was a Viking named Askold or Oskold (Norse) from Sweden; not Oleg as in the Russian story. Oskold, the first king was in Kiev before Oleg in Novgorod. Oskold was baptized in Constantinople and sent the first bishop back to Kiev. Oskold is buried in Kiev. From Kiev, the capitol of Rus,  Kievian culture was spread,   much like the Greeks Hellenized the known world, or like the British anglicized the world by the English language. This process does not make Moskva to become RUS in as much as Persian are not Greek. How we are misled by a name; Russia. The capitol of the RUS has always been Kiev. There is no other RUS and no RUS in Moskva. Many say Ukraine began recently; but the culture of the RUS is Kievian RUS, both culture and ethnic background. Ukraine is a name given by Poland meaning outer lands. The lands of the RUS before the Mongolian invasion was very large. The name RUS is a Norse name which means men that row; there are no men that row in Moskva. So Moskva adopted the name Russia while being a Mongolian vassal, essentially traitor to the RUS; and all the czars were Mongolian-Finnish. The Culture  of the Mongolian was centralized power, and that was passed on to present day Russia. Ukraine’s real name should be Kievian RUS, or Kievskarus!

 

Putin & Lavrov should be ashamed of themselves, the USSR was an occupation; it never had the status of a sovereign state and due process of law that would be associated with a free society. As such, it did not deserve to exist; and history has shown such organizations fail over time and author in many gulags. The true culture of Russia is Finno-Ugric and Mongolian, having nothing to do with the RUS (Kievian), expect borrowed as in the sense of Hellenized or Anglicized "forms" as a comparative reference. The centralized form of Russian politics is a very Mongolian imprint on culture. The actions of Putin seem to be another Mongolian invasion of Kiev; here I suggest as to the correct metaphor. I believe so. Putin & Lavrov insistence to have purview over eastern Europe also seems like paying tribute to the Mongolian Horde. This is the Manner which Moskva formed, combining a Finnish name meaning cows water. Va means water. The RUS are men that row, Vikings, Norse, established Kiev 400 years before (750 AD) Moskva even thought to exist. The name Russia for current nation is totally inappropriate. All the lands should be returned to Kiev; the West of Russia to Finland, and the East to Mongolia. Russia’s place on the globe appears as a temporary aberration in my view. To use threats of Nukes publicly strikes at the heart as adolescent behaviour; surely any nation or person that issues such threats and being an ally to such while not even having war imposed on them is not fit to rule. This would include allies of Russia. Oh yes, I remember, Russia didn't invent the bomb, they stole it in the 1940's and gave it to Kurchatov.

[NirVana]

Авторы ролика, не употребляйте термин "Киевская Русь" без пояснения. Термин «Киевская Русь» возник в первой половине XIX века, пройдя за историю своего употребления существенную эволюцию. Одним из первых его использовал М. А. Максимович в своей работе «Откуда идёт русская земля» (1837) в узко географическом смысле для обозначения Киевского княжества, в одном ряду с такими словосочетаниями, как «Червонная Русь», «Суздальская Русь» и др Это важно, из-за выдуманного мифа, вокруг этого термина, сейчас создают параллельную историю Украины и раскалывают народы.

[mindblowing]

None of the rulers were of Scandinavian descend! The anglo-saxon propaganda about the Russians being Scandinavians mixed with Mongols is genetically and historically wrong and the story about Rurik, Truvor and Sineus being Scandinavians, who enslaved the Slavic people was invented by German scientists in the 18th century and later adopted by Peter the great who wanted Russia to become more European (he also forced beard tax on them). The truth is that the Slavic people are one of the oldest people on this planet and all other white subgroups like the Scandinavians, Germanic people and Caucasian people derived from them.

[carltonace]

Sounds like a Greek tragedy in away. Man tries to change his fate, but his fate catches up to him anyways.

[JayeshLimaye]

I always enjoy anything related to history, and more so when it is from Daria, so thank you, Daria! By the way, is that Эй, ухнем! playing near the beginning of the video? :)

[prepper_nation_h]

I really enjoy your Russian history lessons. They are quick and informative.

[ShubhamKumar-xllx]

Please write their name in video also, we still confuse about their name and spell

[deliberately]

Вам нужна галочка, срочно! Канал станет попуярнее

[thaarakesh]

Finally that prophecy becomes real, if Oleg not think about horses after he sent them away he should have lived some more years, beautiful video about history.

[varuk]

The history of Russia is incredible, it was the first Slavic nation to be a great empire and also to go to space.

[braukorpshomebrew]

My favorite concept with prophecies is that whenever someone tries to stop it from happening, the events lead up to it no matter what. This is seen a lot in the King Arthur and Norse tales.

[Allan-etig]

Daria - in addition to your Russian lessons your history lessons (I'm a history buff) are fabulous.

Allan's 'tips' for learning Russian.

. Take your courses.
. Have a Russian speaker translate the words to songs. (It really works. All pop singers sing about the same things worldwide, so it makes sense very fast. Then, the Russian from the songs can be used of course in everyday life, too.)

[andrethreestax]

Wonderful you did great not like that khan guy who attempted this