The Biology of Aging

It is the greatest inevitability of life - aging. Have you ever wondered what happens within your body, that leads to its gradual decline in function and ultimately #aging? The longer we live, the more likely we are to develop age-related diseases; including cancer. In recent years, #science has taken big steps in understanding the biology of aging. Scientists have discovered nine biological hallmarks that contribute to the aging process. Here's how it works. More videos coming soon. Please rate☝️, comment👇, and subscribe☝️ if you like them, so that I can make more! Please send through requests for topics to cover as well. What do you want to learn about? #scienceinmotion  

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Music by Adam Vitovský
Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported — CC BY 3.0  

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Servier Medical Art by Servier is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.  

References:

Efeyan A, Comb WC, Sabatini DM. Nutrient-sensing mechanisms and pathways. Nature. 2015;517(7534):302-10.
López-Otín C, Blasco MA, Partridge L, Serrano M, Kroemer G. The hallmarks of aging. Cell. 2013;153(6):1194-217.
Hoeijmakers JHJ. DNA Damage, Aging, and Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine. 2009;361(15):1475-85.
Jackson SP, Bartek J. The DNA-damage response in human biology and disease. Nature. 2009;461(7267):1071-8.
Pan MR, Li K, Lin SY, Hung WC. Connecting the Dots: From DNA Damage and Repair to Aging. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(5).
Yu M, Hazelton WD, Luebeck GE, Grady WM. Epigenetic Aging: More Than Just a Clock When It Comes to Cancer. Cancer Res. 2020;80(3):367-74.
Fane M, Weeraratna AT. How the ageing microenvironment influences tumour progression. Nat Rev Cancer. 2020;20(2):89-106.
Calcinotto A, Kohli J, Zagato E, Pellegrini L, Demaria M, Alimonti A. Cellular Senescence: Aging, Cancer, and Injury. Physiol Rev. 2019;99(2):1047-78.
Sadighi Akha AA. Aging and the immune system: An overview. J Immunol Methods. 2018;463:21-6.
Saretzki G. Telomeres, Telomerase and Ageing. Subcell Biochem. 2018;90:221-308.
Herrmann M, Pusceddu I, März W, Herrmann W. Telomere biology and age-related diseases. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2018;56(8):1210-22.
Whitehall JC, Greaves LC. Aberrant mitochondrial function in ageing and cancer. Biogerontology. 2020;21(4):445-59.
Colloca G, Di Capua B, Bellieni A, Fusco D, Ciciarello F, Tagliaferri L, et al. Biological and Functional Biomarkers of Aging: Definition, Characteristics, and How They Can Impact Everyday Cancer Treatment. Current Oncology Reports. 2020;22(11):115.
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[jiseonglee]

1. 2:07 Altered intracellular communication
2. 2:50 Cellular senescence
3. 4:30 deregulated nutrient sensing
4. 5:09 Stem cell exhaustion
5. 6:15 Mitochondrial dysfunction
6. 7:23 Loss of proteostasis
7. 8:41 Telomere attrition
8. 10:26 Epigenetic alterations
9. 11:35 Genomic instability

[universale]

The best animation on Aging I've ever seen.

[garyoliverMD]

Arguments For Programmed Aging
1. Genetic Regulation:
o Evidence shows certain genes influence lifespan and aging processes. For example, the discovery of genes such as FOXO3 and SIR2 that are involved in regulating lifespan supports the idea of programmed aging.
o Mutations in these genes can extend or shorten lifespan, suggesting a genetic component to aging.
2. Evolutionary Advantage:
o Programmed aging could provide an evolutionary advantage by ensuring older generations do not compete with younger generations for resources.
o It can promote the turnover of generations, allowing for faster adaptation to changing environments.
3. Developmental Parallels:
o Aging shares similarities with other programmed life processes such as development and puberty, which are tightly regulated by genetic pathways.
o The regulated, sequential nature of developmental stages suggests aging could also be genetically programmed.
4. Species-Specific Lifespans:
o Different species have remarkably specific lifespans, which may be difficult to explain solely by damage accumulation theories.
o The consistency of lifespan within species suggests a genetic control mechanism.
5. Hormonal Influence:
o Hormones play a significant role in aging. For example, the reduction of growth hormone and sex hormones with age indicates a regulated decline.
o Hormone replacement can affect aging signs and health, suggesting a programmed aspect to their reduction.
Arguments Against Programmed Aging
1. Accumulation of Damage:
o The accumulation of cellular and molecular damage over time, due to environmental factors and metabolic processes, is a well-supported theory explaining aging.
o Damage from free radicals, DNA mutations, and protein misfolding aligns with observed aging patterns.

[ErikSkoglund-jeph]

This IS an absolutely amazing video. Brilliant!

[saman]

That was great explaining... your channel should be more popular.. so I am subscribing...🙂🙂🙂🙂🙂

[victoriamihai]

Very well explained video.
Sad but good quality.

[johnanderson]

Like Very well said. 13+ minutes too, very nice.

[donchabeatboxblad]

miss you are the best, thank you for the information.

[hybrid]

Great job! Is there a transcript for this?

[Selvax]

At 4:14 is said: "the leaked bioproducts normally triggers the repair process, but in this dysregulated state repairs fail and damage accumulates causing more inflammation". How would the neighbouring cells counter the inflammations? Does a countering process exist to fight the inflammation signals? Or does the mentioned response just fail because it's only meant inside the cells (the non-senescent one who just received the bioproducts through gap junctions) and there is nothing to fix? Or maybe the fixing is meant to be more of a release of molecules that should limitate the concentration senescent-derived bioproducts?

[AustinWruth-zbou]

I hope for 60 more years godbless, amen! Grade 10 science taught me less in 4 months

[theflyingcandleguyme]

Death is evil. I want to defeat it. Humanity gives up on this because it is extremely difficult and requires sacrifice of time and great discipline; however with enough faith and perseverance and cooperation humanity can overcome death. I would argue that it has been done at least once before.

[CienciaOculta]

Love your Channel. The Future Will be morphic Fields and Rife frequencies for help the medicine 💓 due we live in a toxic world . Agrotoxic Destroy our life spam too.

[MelsPlace]

IMPORTANT Question I'm 52 and no one ever believed it - Is it due to anemia? I've never drank or smoked btw...or sunbathed.

[robertuchman]

Yes most definitely, I can't understand why when people put limitations and things that somehow becomes more special or precious including life. It's not like you're going to a childish fantasy land after you die and to review your life again like some old video.

[anti-agingwithaf]

My grandfather is 91 years old. He has very few wrinkles on his face and his beard is not completely white. He is still sharp minded. He is still alive and living with us. He is much healthier than the other old And my grandmother is also alive she is 80yrs, she is more active and helthier than my grandfather but she have more wrinkles than him, she react like girls😂, she still has a sharp mind.

[lmabadie]

Why do you repeat so many times that aging is unavoidable? Science seems really close to be able to reverse or stop the aging process. Evolution does not care much about aging once you have reproduced, as evolutionary it is more efficient to allow old organisms to die. But does not make aging inevitable or irreversible once we understand the mechanisms.

[kaininjathundermmandopoke]

We can reverse the aging in humans, turn back the clock fountain of youth in real life. I will become a teenager forever in real life. I care Live forever with my family too.

[venkatachengalvala]

I'd like to live longer, but I don't want to be immortal. I feel like immortality can have other unintended effects (that we don't know about yet).

[kaininjathundermmandopoke]

We can reverse the aging in humans, turn back the clock fountain of youth in real life. I will become a teenager forever in real life.