Classroom Aid - Einstein's problem with Quantum Mechanics

Music free version -
Index -
Wiki page

In this, the last chapter in the ‘How Small Is It’ video book, we’ll cover quantum superposition and quantum entanglement. We’ll also finish the work on the double slit experiment we covered in our first chapter on ‘The Microscopic’. We’ll be using electron spin and polarized light in most of our examples. Beginning with light, we’ll cover exactly how polarization works. Then we’ll use it to illustrate how we know which slit light went through in the double slit experiment. This illustration will highlight the nature of quantum linear superposition. As part of this we’ll take a look at Schrodinger’s Cat.
With superposition in hand, we’ll cover how these superposition states can become entangled across multiple particles. We’ll start with some classical behavior associated with water waves and spinning coins. Then, using electron spin, we’ll illustrate entanglement. We’ll follow that with Einstein’s problem with ‘spooky action at a distance’. We’ll cover several experiments both thought (from John Bell) and real as quantum physics progressed in its ability to manage the quantum world. We’ll see what a ‘ghost image’ is and how it was used to show Einstein was wrong. As part of this segment, we’ll cover the ‘Quantum Eraser’ experiment.

We’ll end with a look at Quantum Computers. Here we cover how electrons are controlled in such a way that they can be put into and taken out of a superposition state at will. And in addition, they can be managed into and out of entangled states. This ability enables quantum computing.}

Music:
@00:00 Bach - Flute Concerto in B Flat, Adagio; conducted by Eckart Haupt; from the album Meditation: Classical Relaxation, 2010
@13:21 Puccini - La Bohéme Act II- Musette Waltz; Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra; from the album 100 Must-Have Italian Opera Highlights, 2014
@26:50 Svendsen - Romance in G; Miklos Szenthelyi; from the album Meditation: Classical Relaxation, 2010

[NoahSpurrier]

I still don’t understand what demonstrates that hidden variables don’t exist. Einstein’s example seems obvious and intuitive. I know that later developments (Bell’s theorem) showed that Einstein was wrong, but I never understood those experiments.

[sntk]

If you ask a physicist what is his idea of yellow light, he will tell you that it is transversal electro-magnetic waves of wavelength in the neighborhood of 590 millimicrons. If you ask him: But where does yellow come in? he will say: In my picture not at all, but these kinds of vibrations, when they hit the retina of a healthy eye, give the person whose eye it is the sensation of yellow.

~Schrödinger

Thus the colors with their various qualities and intensities fulfill the axioms of vector geometry if addition is interpreted as mixing; consequently, projective geometry applies to the color qualities.

~Weyl

It is just like the mathematics of the addition of vectors, where (a, b, c) are the components of one vector, and (a', b', c') are those of another vector, and the new light Z is then the "sum" of the vectors. This subject has always appealed to physicists and mathematicians. In fact, Schrödinger wrote a wonderful paper on color vision in which he developed this theory of vector analysis as applied to the mixing of colors.

~Feynman

The mathematical machinery of QM became that of spectral analysis.

~Steen

I have concentrated on examples from physics since they can be described independently of mathematics. These examples can also be formulated in precise mathematical terms. In this way, they become part of harmonic analysis in mathematics, interpreted in the broad sense above. The general duality between geometric objects and spectral objects permeates mathematics. It has a pervasive influence in such diverse areas as group theory, topology, differential geometry, number theory and algebraic geometry, as well as the areas of analysis and differential equations with which it is more traditionally associated.

~Arthur

[louisesmalling]

I'll watch this ten times at least. Thank you

[Ccaste]

Excelent. Very simple way to explain EPR

[jccusell]

There should be a law against so few subscriptions.

[michaelcombrink]

They say measure, but it's not every kind of measurement, just some of the ones currently used

[painandsuffer]

It's only hidden till discovered..

[lazovkalazovovska]

When did Angelina Jolie split from Brad Pitt?
Shock split

After over a decade together and two years married, Jolie and Pitt split in 2016, with the separation seemingly coming out of nowhere. The actress cited “irreconcilable differences” on the divorce papers and requested sole physical custody of their six children.26.9.2021