Chapter 3 - System Memory (IMS455/IMD222)

[amieraramli]

In this chapter, I have learned about system memory. System memory is a set of electronic components that can be stores data, program and instruction to be executed by the CPU. In system memory, there are 2 types of memory which is volatile memory and no-volatile memory. Volatile memory is a temporary memory for example, RAM. And for non-volatile memory is a permanent memory for example, ROM. Next, roles of memory consists 4 major roles of system memory which is upgradability, performance, software support and reliability and stability. I also learned about memory mapping, it is a summary on how the computer is using the system memory which consists 3 categories. Firstly is conventional of base memory where in its content is system BIOS. The next one is called upper memory where in its content is device driver. The last one is extended memory where all memory is above 1MB. Read only memory which is called as ROM is refer to memory chips that store permanent data and it is also consist of data that cannot be modified. BIOS is a software that are stored in a non-volatile memory and for CMOS is stored in BIOS setting, it also contains parameters in a volatile memory. Random access memory or RAM that also called main memory and it consists of memory chips that can be read and write.

[fatinnorshahidabintiothman]

memory is the elctronic component that can store data and programs. the storage unit in memory called byte. each bytes that located in the memory called an address. there are two type of memory such as volatile memory and non-volatile memory. the volatile memory is the temporary memory meanwhile the non-volatile memory is the permanent memory. BIOS is the basic input output system (software) meanwhile CMOS is the computery matter of set semiconductor (the setting of data). BIOS is a software that store in a non-volatile memory area it is called program. CMOS is stored BIOS setting that contain parameters and kept in a volatile memory area. non-volatile is the memory stay the same after power off meanwhile volatile is the memory that keep alive with battery.
FATIN NORSHAHIDA BT OTHMAN
IM110-4A

[shabilasafri]

In this chapter, we can defined that system memory is a electronic component or devices or hardware that can stores data program and instruction waiting to be executed by the CPU. There are two types of memory system which volatile and non-volatile. Memory also have roles which are upgradability, realibility, software support and performance.
Memory mapping is a summary on how a computer using the system memory that have 3 categories which base, upper and extended.
ROM is a system BIOS or microchip that not lose its data although when the power is turned off. The advantages is permanence and security. There are 4 types of ROM, which are Regular ROM, PROM, EPROM and EEPROM.
BIOS is software instruction in non-volatile memory and EMOS in volatile memory that contains parameters.
RAM is the main and primary storage that have 3 types, firstly dynamic, static and lastly magnetoresistive.

NURSHABILA BINTI CHE SAFRI
IM1104B

[nurulamira]

Nurul Amira IM1104B

In this chapter, we can summarize that memory is a set of electronic component that can stores data, program and instruction waiting to be conducted by the cpu. There are two types of memory - volatile and non volatile. Volatile is a temporary memory and non volatile is a permanent memory. Memory mapping categorize by base, upper and also extended.

Rom is read on memory. Stored sytem BIOS and start up BIOS program in a microchip that does not lose its data when the power is turned off. there are 4 types of ROM - EPROM, Regular ROM, EEPROM, and also PROM

RAM is random access memory. dynamic RAM or DRAM is a type of RAM. Standard memory modules is start from 32 bit, 64 bit, and 70 bit

[sitinuratikabintishahari]

SITI NUR ATIKA BINTI SHAHARI (IM1104B)
In chapter 3, its talk about memory the first one it have two types of memory which volatile and non-volatile . Next, the roles of memory are upgradability, reliability & stability, performance and software support. We also can summarize that there are 4 types of ROM which is EPROM, EEPROM, PROM, & REDULAR ROM. Besides, the BIOS and CMOS. BIOS is a software that stored in the non-volatile memory and CMOS is stored BIOS setting, contains parameters & kept in a volatile memory area. The types of RAM are DRAM, SRAM & MRAM. For the memory buses, it have 2 types which is data bus and address bus. The memory buses used to transfer the data from one location to another location.

[amirahsafiahalmadi]

To conclude, in the chapter 3, I have learned system memory. System memory is an electronic components or devices or hardware that can stores and saves data, program and instruction waiting to be executed by the CPU. As I know, The CPU and system memory will work together in order to perform or do any task requested by the user. In addition, there are two types of interrupt, which are hardware interrupt and software interrupt. For example, a seat can holds one person at a time similar to the address in the memory can holds a single byte. As I know, there are two types of memory which are volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory known as secondary storage or permanent memory.

Next, ROM (read only memory). ROM is a chip that can only stored data once. There are two advantages of the ROM. Firstly, permanence. Permanence mean that we as an user cannot change the content of the ROM, thus make the possibility of the virus attack can be avoided. Then, RAM (Random Access Memory). It also known as main memory or a primary storage. As I know, all the information that currently will be use by the computer system or anything that user open on their operating system will be stored in the RAM.

In addition, there are many types of DRAM (Dynamic RAM) which are SDRAM, DDRSRAM, DDR2SRAM and RDRAM. Next, what is DIMMS? DIMMS is a newer memory module that have 168 pins in size and provide memory 64 bits in width. Memory buses is being use to transport data from one location to another location. We have two types of memory buses which are data bus and address bus.
- Tuan Nur Amirah Safiah bt Tuan Almadi (4B)

[父ヅ]

The chapter 3 is system memory. System memory eletronic components can be store data, program and instruction in CPU. There are 2 types memory which is volatile and non-volatile. Volatile is temporary when PC is turn of which is RAM while non-volatile is for permanent data when PC is turn off which is hard disk. There are 4 roles of memory which is upgradability, realibility and stability, performance and software support. Upgradability is upgrade for the same achitecture, for example if computer have DDR3 ram must upgrade with DDR3 ram only. Realibility and stability is when computer turn on, the BIOS will check the system have problem or not. Performance is speed the computer will put the memory and the lastly is software support. Software support is the system requirment for use the software. For example, when install the software, we need check system requirment the software have must use how much. Next, 3 types of memory mapping which is base memory, upper memory and extended memory. Next ROM is the system BIOS or microship does not lose the data while PC turn off. There are 2 advantages of ROM which is permanence and security. Permanence is we cannot change the content while security is can possibility of virus or other program setting can be avoided. There are 4 types of ROM which is EPROM, PROM, Regular ROM and EEPROM. Next is BIOS, BIOS is software instruction in non-volantile memory while CMOS for stored BIOS setting contains parameters in volantile memory. Next, RAM is the main memory or primary storage. There are 3 types of RAM chips which is dynamic, static and magnetoresistive. DRAM is to hold continuosly access called refresh circuit. There are 4 types of DRAM which is SDRAM, DDRSRAM, DDR2SRAM and RDRAM. SIMM is the memory used fourth, fifth and sixth generation of PCs. DIMM is the new factor for nowadays using in the computer. For example, the computer and laptop has using RAM types DDR4 DIMM. RIMM is the memory for increase for latency, heat, output, maanufacturing complexity and cost. SRAM is the hold data without external refresh as long as power if needed from power supply. There are 2 types of SRAM which is Synchronous SRAM and Asynchronous SRAM. There are 2 advantages and disadvantages of SRAM. There are 2 advantages which is size and cost while disadvantages of SRAM are durability, simplicity and speed. Cache memory is to reduce average time to access the memory. There are 3 types of cache which is instruction, data and tranlation lookaside buffer (TLB). Memory buses is the used to carry memory addresses the data from store to system RAM. There are 2 types of memory buses which is data bus and address bus. Virtual memory is the when PC start slow on RAM. For example, when PC is lag, the virtual memory will help to increase the speed of PC to instruction the process. RAM drives is the virtual hard disk for used program can access faster. Troubleshooting is the fix the problem ni the computer. For example, when PC is cannot connect the WIFI must troubleshoot the problem and get solution. Processor-Memory Bottleneck is the cause the different speed of hardware has set in BIOS. For example, CPU has set full speed while RAM is default speed. How to upgrading the memory is firstly we need check max capability of memory of computer. For example, PC max RAM is 32GB, so we can put max RAM on it. Parity is the store for error detection.


(ABDUL LATIF BIN AZMI)
(IM1104A)

[nuraqmarnajwa]

Nur Aqmar Najwa bt Amran (IM110/4A)
Memory is a set of electronic components that can stores data, program, and instruction. There ae 2 types of memory which is volatile and non-volatile. Volatile is something that temporary when the PC is off meanwhile, non-volatile is permanent even the PC is off. There are 3 roles of memory which is upgradability, performance and reliability&stability. For the ROM, it stores system BIOS and start-up BIOS program in a microchip that stay even the PC is off. Read-Only Memory is refer to memory chips that store permanent data in PC. BIOS and CMOS is two different thing. BIOS is a software that store in a non volatile memory area, CMOS stored in BIOS setting that contains parameters and kept in a volatile memory area.

[nurhaila]

System memory is the electronic components memories that can store data and programs. There are two types of memory first is volatile memory which is temporary and second is non- volatile which permanent. Rules of memory have four which is upgradability, performance, software support and reliability/stability. Type of RAM is EPROM, PROM, regular ROM and EEPROM.
Meanwhile, RAM have three type which is dynamic, static and magnetorestive.

NUR HAILA BINTI CHE ABD RAHIM IM110/4A

[athirahsyafiqahzulmazi]

In this chapter, I do understand that memory can execute by the CPU and it is set of electronic components that can stores data and program.
Volatile memory stored in a memory that is driven by an electric current. Meanwhile the non-volatile is which can store stored information even after the power is removed.
Example of volatile and non-volatile memory :
1) RAM - working data and machine code are normally stored in this type of computer memory, which can be read and modified in any order.
2) ROM - is a form of memory used in computers and other electronic devices. After the memory unit is manufactured, data contained in ROM cannot be electronically changed.

BIOS is a software that stored in non-volatile memory and the CMOS is stored in BIOS setting.

NUR ATHIRAH SYAFIQAH BINTI ZULMAZI
IM1104B

[basyariatulroslan]

Basyariatul Aminah Binti Roslan (4B)
Memory is a set of components that can store data, instructions, and programmes. Volatile and non-volatile memory are the two forms of memory. Non-volatile data is permanent even when the computer is turned off, while volatile data is only temporary when the computer is turned off. Upgradability, performance, and reliability and stability are the three functions of memory. The ROM stores the system BIOS and start-up BIOS programmes in a microchip and keeps them even when the computer is turned off. BIOS and CMOS are two separate things: BIOS is a programme that is stored in nonvolatile memory, while CMOS is a BIOS setting that contains parameters and is stored in volatile memory.

[nabilaanis]

System memory is a electronic components that can be stores data, program and instruction waiting to be executed by the CPU. Memory divided into 2 which is volatile and non-volatile. Contain in the volatile memory will lost when the PC is turned off while Non- Volatile memory preserved its contains even the PC is turn off. In this chapter there are 2 physical memory which RAM and ROM. ROM stores system BIOS abd start-up BIOS programs in a microchip. The data does not lose when the power is turned off. EEPROM is one of the ROM that good one it can be erase and reprogram many times under a software control. RAM is the main memory. Static RAM (SRAM) is the types of RAM thatbused cache memory and no refresh circuit and much more faster compare to Dynamic RAM (DRAM).
Next, standard memory modules. It divided into 3 types which is SIMM, DIMM and RIMM. Memory buses divided into 2 which is data bus and address bus. Data bus carries actual memory data within pc and address bus used to select the memory addrress that the data will come from or go to on a read or write

[norayuniaimie]

In chapter 3, i can summarize that system memory is the electronic components memories that can store data and programs in CPU. There are two types of memory. The first one is volatile memory which is temporary and second one is non-volatile which permanent.
There are 4 roles of memory which is upgradability, realibility and stability, performance and software support. Type of RAM is EPROM, PROM, regular ROM and EEPROM. Lastly, standard memory modules. It divided into 3 types which is SIMM, DIMM and RIMM. Memory buses divided into 2 which is address bus and data bus. Address bus helps to transfer memory addresses meanwhile the data bus helps to send and receive data.

Nor Ayuni Aimie Im110/4B

[fatinnuraqilah]

FATIN NUR 'AQILAH BT AHMAD ZAMRI
4B

in this chapter, we can summarise that memory is a set of electronic components or hardware that can store data programs and institution that waiting to be executed by the CPU. the CPU and system memory will work together in order to perform a task that requested by the user and will also produce an interrupt. there are two types of interrupts which are software interrupt and hardware interrupt. next, we also have two types of memory which are volatile and non-volatile. volatile here means the temporary memory meanwhile non-volatile means permanent memory. next, the role of memory is readability and stability, upgradability, and software support. memory also consists of a byte of data, each storage unit in memory is called byte. Then, each byte will be represented by an address. there are 4 types of ROM which are EPROM, PROM, EEPROM, REGULAR PROM. lastly is the standard memory module that has been divided into 3 which are SIMM, DIMM and RIMM

[naimmm]

AHMAD ARHAM NAIM BIN JASMANI (IM110 4B)
In this chapter, memory can be defined as set of electronic that can be stores data, program, and instruction waiting to be executed by the CPU. There are two types of memory. First, volatile. This memory will lose it contain, temporary, information is lost when the PC is turned off (RAM). The second memory is non-volatile. It preserved it contain, permanent, retain its data when the PC is turn off. (ROM, flash memory, hard disks). ROM is stores system BIOS and start-up BIOS programs in a microchip that does not lose its data when the power is turned off. There are four types of ROM which is EPROM, PROM, EEPROM, and Regular ROM. RAM can be also called as main memory of primary storage. There are three types of RAM which is dynamic, static and magnetoresistive. DRAM can be define as a type of RAM that only holds its data if it is continuously accessed by special logic call a refresh circuit. Next, SIMM are the older standard, and were popular on third and fourth generation motherboards. SIMMs are available in two flavours 30 pin and 72 pin.

[nurulalyaamniramli]

System memory can be defined as a set of electronic components that can stores data, program, and instruction waiting to be executed by the CPU. The main role of memory is to store data and programs
The types of physical memory housed on the system board and expansion boards are volatile and non-volatile.
Memory management makes greatest amount of conventional memory available to an application. During boot process, ROM and RAM from expansion boards acquire upper memory addresses.
In upgrading memory, the most important things must be considered is to determine the capacity of memory need and how much memory can the computer physically accommodate. Besides that, we should also find out what increments of memory does the system board support and how much additional memory is cost effective. Furthermore, we should know what kind of memory can fit on the system board and what memory is compatible already with memory installed. In order to select the memory, we must have the capability to read and understand ads about the memory module.

NURUL ALYA AMNI BT RAMLI
IM1104A

[azrienatiqahmohdasri]

AZRIEN ATIQAH BT MOHD ASRI (4A)
In chapter 3 we can summarize that system memory is pertinent since it is a set of electronic components that works for storing data, programs, and instruction that are waiting to be executed by the CPU. So, we know that the main purpose of this memory is to store data and programs and each unit in this memory is called a byte that is located in memory called an address. However, there are two types of memory which are volatile and non-volatile which have their own function. Here’s we can see that there are four major in system memory in terms of upgradability, performance, software support that can newer the programs and reliability & stability. There are three categories in memory mapping that started from the base, upper and extended. Next, BIOS is a software or instruction that can be stored in a non-volatile memory area meanwhile CMOS stored BIOS setting, contains parameters & kept in a volatile memory area.

[nuramalinizzati]

In this chapter, memory can be defined as set of electronic that can be stores data, program, and instruction waiting to be executed by the CPU. There are 2 types of memory which is volatile and non-volatile. Volatile is something that temporary when the PC is off meanwhile, non-volatile is permanent even the PC is off. There are four roles of memory upgradability, performance, software support and reliability and stability. The ROM stores the system BIOS and start-up BIOS programmes in a microchip and keeps them even when the computer is turned off. BIOS and CMOS is two different things. BIOS is a software that store in a non volatile memory area, CMOS stored in BIOS setting that contains parameters and kept in a volatile memory area.

NUR AMALIN IZZATI BT ROSLEY IZMIN
IM1104B

[fida]

Norafida binti Mat Nasir (4A)

System memory eletronic components can be store data, program and instruction in CPU. Volatile is temporary when PC is turn of which is RAM while non-volatile is for permanent data whenPC is turn off which is hard disk. There are 4 roles of memory which is upgradability, realibility and stability, performance and software support. Virtual memory is the when PC start slow on RAM. Cache memory is to reduce average time to access the memory. SIMM is the memory used fourth, fifth and sixth generation of PCs. DIMM is a new factor for nowadays using in the computer. When PC is lag, the virtual memory will help to increase the speed of PC to instruction the process. RAM drives is the virtual hard disk for used program can access faster. For example, PC max RAM is 32GB, so we can put max RAM on it.

[alyalinaahmadshamadi]

System memory is set of electronic components that can stores data, program and instruction waiting to be executed by the CPU. To store data and programs are the main role of memory. There are each storage unit in memory called byte and each bytes located in memory called an address. In memory there two types of memory, volatile and non volatile. Volatile loses it contain, temporary, information is lost when the PC turned off and non volatile preserved contains, permanent and its retain data when PC turned off.There are four roles of memory upgradability, performance, software support and reliability and stability.
NUR ALYALINA BT AHMAD SHAMADI
IM1104A