How Francis Turbines Work (Hydropower)

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Learn how Francis reaction turbines work! We look at all of the Francis turbine’s main components and use 3D animation to show how it works!

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▶️Francis turbines are mixed flow reaction turbines. They are used in many hydroelectric plants because they can be used over a wide range of pressures and flow rates.

Pumped storage power stations use Francis turbines because the runner can act as both a hydraulic pump and hydraulic turbine.

How it Works
Water flows into the scroll case from the penstock. Water then flows through the wicket gate to the turbine runner. The water enters the runner radially and is discharged axially, because of this, Francis turbines are classified as mixed flow turbines.

After discharge from the runner, the water enters the draft tube then the tail race.

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[savree-d]

Want to continue learning about engineering with videos like this one? Then visit:

Want to teach/instruct with the 3D models shown in this video? Then visit:

[allenshepard]

The graph at time mark 4:46 comparing Pelton to Francis to screw propellers was most informative. That was something not seen elsewhere and very helpful.

[jeevangaire]

U were the best teacher than a book and professor because non of them can explain in such detail with 3d concept..thank u a lot

[FrCandy]

Thank you, this really helped me with my science studies!

[felixknowloveyoudlovetokno]

Excellent explanations and demonstrations, thanks very much!

[ranadev]

Thanks for the excellent illustration 🙏

[karkee]

Thank you for making it easy for us to understand. Please also include a video explanation on velocity triangles of Francis, Kaplan and Pelton turbine to calculate various parameters like hydraulic efficiency etc

[jonbarron]

Spectacular Videos! Love the 3D demos. By any chance can you post any videos of Super Turbo Turbines or perhaps even Steam/Gas Turbines. Thanks! And again, Great videos.

[sledboyzqc]

The guide vanes should be turned toward the francis turbine, how they are place in your graph, it causes that water crash againt them instead of going directly through the turbine following the curve of the vanes. This placement of guide vanes could potentialy cause damage to the turbine due to cavitation created by the lack of pressure.

[himalrana]

Thank you so much. It was really helpful:)

[markhonea]

Very surprising that the narrator is describing the water direction incorrectly, initially. Does he not analyze a video before posting it?
Unless I entirely misunderstand this thing.
I still give it a 👍

[Guingia]

why the direction of the extern wings direction is opposit respect the rotor wings?

[markhonea]

Please make a video on the actual permanent magnets that are used in this application.

[narendramandal]

Please upload videos on braking system sir

[prembhattarai]

thank you sir provide us to learn about of francis turbine how does it works.

[Shannon_Robbie]

Do you have any info on the Draft Tube?

[Learnwithme.]

Runner is the only rotating part of the turbine. How is it connected to the non rotating parts? I mean it can't be hanging in the air.

[danielsequeira]

Hello! Can someone please explain how to arrange and operate a Francis turbine to work as a pump?

[smacospasovski]

Is there a video how it pumps the water up and are there smaller francis turbines and how small

[RobWillmot]

Do you have a link showing more information on the wicket gate system.