Mastering File Copying in Linux: How to Use Partial Filenames with Bash Scripts

Learn how to copy files in Linux using **partial filenames** effectively with a simple Bash script. Follow our step-by-step guide for successful execution!
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Mastering File Copying in Linux: How to Use Partial Filenames with Bash Scripts

When working in a Linux environment, managing files is a common task, especially when dealing with directories containing thousands of files. Often, users need to perform operations based on partial filenames – a requirement that can be challenging if you’re unfamiliar with shell scripting. If you are looking to copy files from a directory that start with a specific pattern, this guide is tailored for you.

The Problem: Copying Files with Partial Filenames

Imagine you have a directory packed with files ranging in both name and type. You want to identify files that begin with a certain sequence, such as "xx_xxxx_xx...", and create duplicates of those files with a new suffix to differentiate them. This can be tricky without the correct command structure, and trying to manually track and copy each file is not practical.

Many users may find it confusing on how to loop through files based on partial filenames accurately. Fortunately, with a bit of Bash scripting, you can automate this task with ease.

The Solution: Writing a Simple Bash Script

To copy files that match a specific pattern in their filenames, we will write a simple Bash script. Below is a step-by-step walkthrough of the process.

Step 1: Create the Script

Start by creating a new shell script file. Open your terminal and use the following command to create the file:

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Step 2: Script Content

In the script editor, input the following Bash script:

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Step 3: Modify the Pattern and Suffix

Pattern: Update the pattern variable to match your file naming convention (e.g., xx_*).

Suffix: Modify the line that determines new_file to change the suffix. For example, if you want the new files to end with _copy, adjust it accordingly.

Step 4: Save and Run the Script

Save the changes and exit the editor (for nano, press CTRL + X, then Y, and Enter).

Make your script executable by running:

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Finally, execute the script:

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Note: Ensure you’re in the correct directory (where your target files are) before running the script.

Understanding the Script

The # !/bin/sh line indicates that the script should be run with the shell.

The pattern variable holds the string to search for in filenames.

ls -d $pattern lists the files that match the pattern and stores them in the array.

A for loop goes through each matched file, performing the copy operation while renaming files with the newly assigned suffix.

Conclusion

With this simple Bash script, you can efficiently manage files in Linux by copying those that match a specific pattern in their filenames, all while adding a unique suffix to differentiate the new files. This method not only saves time but also helps maintain organization within your directory.

Feel free to tailor this script further to suit your needs! Happy scripting!