Endocrine System | One Shot Video

Endocrine System | One Shot Video

Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands in the endocrine system. They play a critical role in regulating various bodily functions, like growth, metabolism, mood, and reproduction.

Think of hormones as the body's internal "email system," sending messages to different organs and tissues to get things done. Here’s a breakdown of human hormones, how they work, and the endocrine system that produces them.

Types of Human Hormones:
Peptide Hormones: Made up of proteins, these hormones are water-soluble. Examples include insulin (which helps regulate blood sugar) and growth hormone (which controls growth and development).

Steroid Hormones: These are lipid-based and fat-soluble, meaning they can easily pass through cell membranes. Examples include cortisol (which responds to stress) and sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone.

Amino Acid-Derived Hormones: Derived from amino acids like tyrosine, examples include thyroid hormones (which regulate metabolism) and adrenaline (which prepares the body for fight-or-flight responses).

Mode of Hormone Action:
Hormones work by binding to specific receptors in target cells. This can be compared to a lock-and-key mechanism, where the hormone is the "key" that fits into the "lock" of the receptor. Depending on the type of hormone, they act in different ways:

Peptide Hormones: These cannot enter cells directly, so they bind to receptors on the cell's surface. This triggers a series of internal reactions that lead to the desired effect.

Steroid Hormones: Since these hormones can easily pass through cell membranes, they enter the cell and bind to receptors inside. This usually leads to changes in gene expression, influencing protein production and long-term bodily functions.

Amino Acid-Derived Hormones: These can either bind to cell surface receptors (like peptide hormones) or enter cells (like steroid hormones), depending on their structure.

The Human Endocrine System:
The endocrine system is like a network of glands, each responsible for producing specific hormones. Here are some key players:

Pituitary Gland: Often called the "master gland," it controls other glands in the body and releases hormones that regulate growth, blood pressure, and reproduction.

Thyroid Gland: Located in the neck, it produces hormones like thyroxine, which control metabolism and energy levels.

Adrenal Glands: Situated on top of the kidneys, these glands release cortisol (stress response) and adrenaline (fight-or-flight response).

Pancreas: This gland plays a vital role in controlling blood sugar by producing insulin and glucagon.

Ovaries/Testes: These glands produce sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone, regulating reproductive functions and secondary sexual characteristics.

Pineal Gland: It secretes melatonin, a hormone that influences sleep-wake cycles.

Each of these glands and hormones work together, much like an orchestra, to keep your body functioning smoothly. When things go wrong in the endocrine system, it can lead to various health issues, but when in harmony, this system quietly manages everything from your daily energy levels to your long-term growth.

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[alishba]

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[MuneebG-ruyq]

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[muhammadyahya]

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[ibadali-ociw]

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[Vx.qtyyyy]

Sir according to book its mentioned that brain only relies on one source of energy that is glucose and in case the body's running out of glucose we often feel unconscious so for overcoming this condition our body releases cortisol which promotes gluconeogenesis in liver by breaking down protein of muscles cortisol promotes breakdown of other sources of energy like lipids and proteins so brain can get the amount of glucose it requires for carrying out the functions it does sir is this correct?i mean I'm confused because cortisol is called a stress hormone right so is this actually the way brain overcomes stress using cortisol ?

[Arhamusk]

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[kulsoomhuma]

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[RaheelJan-nnen]

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[NajeebRind-jt]

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