General Relativity Explained in 7 Levels of Difficulty

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This video covers the General theory of Relativity, developed by Albert Einstein, from basic simple levels (it's gravity, curved space) through to the concepts of how curved spacetime is represented by psuedo-Riemannian manifolds with Lorentzian signature (that is, special relativity and minkowski space are the local tangent space), how matter and energy are represented by an energy-momentum tensor, and how these two together obey the Einstein Field Equations. The solutions to the Einstein Field Equations (including the schwarzschild metric, kerr metric, freedman-lemaitre-robertson-walker metric, etc) represent gravity around massive objects like the sun, earth, and black holes, but also the history and expansion and future evolution of the cosmos. The universe on a large scale is described by general relativity - on a small scale, quantum mechanics. And where they meet... there's still work to be done.

REFERENCES
Wald's textbook - General Relativity
Hartle's textbook - Gravity: An Introduction to Einstein's General Relativity

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Minute Physics provides an energetic and entertaining view of old and new problems in physics -- all in a minute!

Created by Henry Reich

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To quote Enrico Fermi: "Having listened to your lecture I am still confused. But on a higher level."

renerpho

You know it's going to get serious when you're on 7 and the video is only half over

VVilliamMinerva

"general relativity is a physics theory created by Albert Einstein"
Me: hold on smart guy, take it easy.

moretto

3:20 is my favorite part because I love how he lists off the numerous observations that validate the model. It's the observations that make this a physics theory instead of just mathematics.

gmanxx

Trying to explain relativity to me
In 7 levels
In 6 minute video
At 5 in the morning
In 4 walled room
In 3 dimensional world
On 2 dimensional screen
And in 1 dimensional BRAIN

NICE TRY👍

Sid-dmsq

0:06 : What you study in class
1:53 : What you get for homework
4:30 : The exam

StratosFair

Thanks for recommending Vitamania Henry!

veritasium

7 levels, in 6 minutes. Less than a minute per level. Truly living up to the name “minutephysics”

janmelantu

2:22 "Oh that isn't too bad"
2:24 "Oh it's actually 10 equations, ok"
2:25 "Oh god oh f*ck"

colinkennedy

I've been studying this for years. This is by far one of the most accurate videos on the field. Level seven is the strict construction of the equations and their solution throughout classical differential geometry, tensor calculus, complex analysis, linear algebra, ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations and special functions among the classical fields.

This is simply a compendium of what this is in its entirety. This is the field of Riemann Manifolds.

kummer

my two brain cells have been stuck on level 2 since past 5 years

mmukulkhedekar

This is the kind of stuff that originally bothered me about science: that you have to keep coming back to a topic in order to learn the next stage as your level of understanding increased. Now, as a biology teacher, it is one of the things that makes science, and learning in general, fun. "Remember how you learned in middle school that plants make energy from sunlight? Well it's actually more complicated than that." "Remember how you learned in high school that plants make monosaccharides from sunlight? Well it's actually more complicated than that."

edawgrules

The image of the black hole was not from the center of the Milky Way but rather from data collected observing the galaxy M87.

davidbarnett

It is so confusing that me, my future and past self gathered together yet couldn't understand anything

beverlymarsh

Words cannot express your talent and I'm so grateful. Thank you for all these insights and inspiration. It took me ~1000 hours to produce 17 hours of video explaining Special Relativity in just 3 levels of complexity …

einsteinall